Sovereign Large Language Models: Advantages, Strategy and Regulations

This report analyzes key trends, challenges, risks, and opp ortunities associated with the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) globally. It examines natio nal experiences in developing LLMs and assesses the feasibility of investment in this sector. Addi tionally, the report explores strategies for implementing, regulating, and financing AI projects at the s tate level. International experiences indicate that LLMs significantl y enhance administrative efficiency. In regulatory processes, they streamline the management of le gal documents (Albania, Serbia), facilitate communication between government authorities and citizen s (Netherlands), and support public procurement and legal translations (Albania).