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The Download: a blockchain enigma, and the algorithms governing our lives

MIT Technology Review

Jean-Paul Thorbjornsen, an Australian man in his mid-30s, with a rural Catholic upbringing, is a founder of THORChain, a blockchain through which users can swap one cryptocurrency for another and earn fees from making those swaps. THORChain is permissionless, so anyone can use it without getting prior approval from a centralized authority. As a decentralized network, the blockchain is built and run by operators located across the globe. During its early days, Thorbjornsen himself hid behind the pseudonym "leena" and used an AI-generated female image as his avatar. But around March 2024, he revealed his true identity as the mind behind the blockchain. If there is a central question around THORChain, it is this: Exactly who is responsible for its operations?



Spiking Token Mixer: An Event-Driven Friendly Former Structure for Spiking Neural Networks

Neural Information Processing Systems

Compared to the clock-driven synchronous chip, the event-driven asynchronous chip achieves much lower energy consumption but only supports some specific network operations. Recently, a series of SNN projects have achieved tremendous success, significantly improving the SNN's performance. However, event-driven asynchronous chips do not support some of the proposed structures, making it impossible to integrate these SNNs into asynchronous hardware.


ET-Flow: Equivariant Flow-Matching for Molecular Conformer Generation

Neural Information Processing Systems

Predicting low-energy molecular conformations given a molecular graph is an important but challenging task in computational drug discovery. Existing state-of-the-art approaches either resort to large scale transformer-based models that diffuse over conformer fields, or use computationally expensive methods to generate initial structures and diffuse over torsion angles.



SAFEWORLD: Geo-DiverseSafetyAlignment

Neural Information Processing Systems

Despite significant progress inthisarea, anessential factor often remains overlooked:geo-diversity. Recognizing and incorporating geographical variations [41, 40, 4, 10, 31, 6] in safety principles is crucial in the global landscape of LLM safety. Cultural norms and legal frameworks vary widely, resulting in diverse definitions of safe and acceptable behavior. As shown in Figure 1, while giving a green hatasagift might bebenign inmanycultures, itisconsidered offensiveinChina.