Patterns of near-crash events in a naturalistic driving dataset: applying rules mining

The estimated economic cost of all fatalities due to traffic crashes in 2018 was approximately $55 billion in the United States (CDC, 2020). Such a huge cost warrants continued investigation into the contributing factors of crash fatalities and the implementation of effective countermeasures for improving traffic safety. Traditional safety studies have generally focused on identifying correlations between crashes and roadway features. Due to a lack of substantial driving behavior information in conventional historical crash datasets, these studies can seldom identify driving behaviors that contribute to crashes. Moreover, traditional studies require crash data spanning an extended period of time.