The Stanford Artificial Intelligence Project, later known as the Stanford AI Lab or SAIL, was created by Prof. John McCarthy shortly after his arrival at Stanford on 1962. As a faculty member in the Computer Science Division of the Mathematics Department, McCarthy began supervising research in artificial intelligence and timesharing systems with a few students. From this small start, McCarthy built a large and active research organization involving many other faculty and research projects as well as his own. Nevertheless, there are some important dimensions to the research that took place in the AI Lab that will try to put in historical context in this brief introduction.

Too few people are doing basic research in AI relative to the number working on applications. The ratio of basic/applied is less in AI than in the older sciences and than in computer science generally. This is unfortunate, because reaching human level artificial intelligence will require fundamental conceptual advances.

In keeping with a desire to abstract general principles in AI, this article begins to examine some relationships among heuristic learning in search, classification of utility, properties of certain structures, measurement of acquired knowledge, and efficiency of associated learning. In the process, a simple definition is given for conceptual knowledge, considered as information compression. The discussion concludes that domain-specific conceptual knowledge can be acquired. Among other implications of the analysis is that statistical observation of probabilities can result in the equivalent of planning, in low susceptibility to error, and in efficient learning.

Artificial Intelligence, as a maturing scientific/engineering discipline, is beginning to find its niche among the variety of subjects that are relevant to intelligent, perceptive behavior. A view of AI is presented that is based on a declarative representation of knowledge with semantic attachments to problem-specific procedures and data structures. Several important challenges to this view are briefly discussed. It is argued that research in the field would be stimulated by a project to develop a computer individual that would have a continuing existence in time.

While some proposals for supercomputers increase the powers of existing machines like CDC and Cray supercomputers, others suggest radical changes of architecture to speed up non-traditional operations such as logical inference in PROLOG, recognition/ action in production systems, or message passing. We examine the case of parallel PROLOG to identify several related computations which subsume those of parallel PROLOG, but which have much wider interest, and which may have roughly the same difficulty of mechanization. Similar considerations apply to some other proposed architectures as well, raising the possibility that current efforts may be limiting their aims unnecessarily.

AI research at JPL started in 1972 when design and construction of experimental "Mars Rover" began. Early in that effort, it was recognized that rover planning capabilities were inadequate. Research in planning was begun in 1975, and work on a succession of AI expert systems of steadily increasing power has continued to the present. Within the group, we have concentrated our efforts on expert systems, although work on vision and robotics has continued in a separate organizations, with which we have maintained informal contacts.

Artificial Intelligence Research in the People's Republic of China: A Review Abstract Since the 1970's AI research has become very active in China and certain results have been achieved. This paper is intended to review briefly what was and is going on in AI field in China. Since the 1970's AI research has become very active in China and certain results have been achieved. This paper is intended to review briefly what was and is going on in AI field in China.

Since the 1970's AI research has become very active in China and certain results have been achieved. This paper is intended to review briefly what was and is going on in AI field in China.

In keeping with a desire to abstract general principles in AI, this article begins to examine some relationships among heuristic learning in search, classification of utility, properties of certain structures, measurement of acquired knowledge, and efficiency of associated learning. In the process, a simple definition is given for conceptual knowledge, considered as information compression. The discussion concludes that domain-specific conceptual knowledge can be acquired. Among other implications of the analysis is that statistical observation of probabilities can result in the equivalent of planning, in low susceptibility to error, and in efficient learning.

The subject the idea has changed psychology, anthropology, sociology, is attempting to make sense of the world, and often coping and psychiatry should make its pervasiveness and importance with incomplete information, failure to understand, or lacking more evident.