Exploring proteomic signatures in sepsis and non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome

ABSTRACT 2 Background: The search for new biomarkers that allow an early diagnosis in sepsis has become a necessity in medicine. The objective of this study is to identify potential protein biomarkers of differential expression between sepsis and non - infectious systemic inflamm atory response syndrome (NISIRS). Methods: Prospective observational study of a cohort of septic patients activated by the Sepsis Code and patients admitted with NISIRS, during the period 2016 - 2017. A mass spectrometry - based approach was used to analyze the plasma proteins in the enrolled subjects . Subsequently, using recursive feature elimination (RFE) classification and cross - validation with a vector classifier, an association of these proteins in patients with sepsis compared to patients with NISIRS. The protein - protein interaction netwo rk was analyzed with String software. Results: A total of 277 patients (141 with sepsis and 136 with NISIRS) were included. Conclusion: There are proteomic patterns associated with sepsis compared to NISIRS with different strength of association. Advances in understanding these protein changes may allow for the identification of new biomarkers or therapeutic targets in the future. Key words: Sepsis, Septic shock, SIRS, Proteomics, Omics, Diagnosis INTRODUCTION 3 Sepsis is known as a clinical syndrome where life - threatening organ dysfunction occurs due to a dysregulated host response to infection.