Modeling Perceptual Loudness of Piano Tone: Theory and Applications

The generation of piano tone The relationship between perceptual loudness and physical involves a complicated physical process [7] and the sound attributes of sound is an important subject in both computer contains rich timbral variations hard to be synthesized from music and psychoacoustics. Early studies of "equalloudness both frequency and time domain perspectives [8, 9]. On contour" can trace back to the 1920s and the measured the other hand, recently we see a growing number of music loudness with respect to intensity and frequency has information retrieval tasks involving feature extraction been revised many times since then. However, most studies of piano tone loudness, such as automatic music transcription merely focus on synthesized sound, and the induced [10-12] and performance rendering [13, 14]. In most theories on natural tones with complex timbre have rarely of these studies, loudness is sometimes confused with intensity been justified. To this end, we investigate both theory and or even the MIDI velocity. This motivates us to applications of natural-tone loudness perception in this paper investigate loudness perception specific to piano tone, beneficial via modeling piano tone. The theory part contains: for various downstream applications.