Artificial Intelligence from Idea to Implementation. How Can AI Reshape the Education Landscape?

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the evolution and impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in today's society. Beginning with a historical context while exploring a few general definitions of AI, the author provides a timeline of the used technologies, highlighting its periods of stagnation, commonly referred to as "AI winters," and the subsequent resurgence fueled by relentless enthusiasm and investment. The narrative then transitions to focus on the transformative effects of AI on society at large, with a particular emphasis on educational applications. Through examples, the paper shows how AI technologies have moved from theoretical constructs to practical tools that are reshaping pedagogical approaches and student engagement. The essay concludes by discussing the prospects of AI in education, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that considers both technological advancements and societal implications. Introduction We have learned from our mistakes throughout history to adapt to a hostile environment. For example, after inventing fire, which often got out of control, we went on to invent fire extinguishers, fire alarms, and develop fire services. Similarly, the invention of gunpowder and firearms led to the creation of bulletproof vests and armor-plated vehicles and the development of guard and protection services. The invention of cars was followed by the introduction of seat belts, airbags, and, more recently, self-driving automobiles. It is safe to say that technology is an expression of human will. Through technological advancements, we seek to extend our control over various aspects of our environment - be it distance, nature, or even interpersonal dynamics. Each of the tools we developed possesses the power to influence our perspectives and shape the future (Vrabie & Eduard, 2018; Vrabie, 2016). For example, farming tools have revolutionized agricultural practices, and lab instruments have opened new frontiers for scientists. Books, maps, and similar devices, often called "intellectual technologies" (Goody & Bell, 1975), have expanded our world understanding. These last ones, in particular, have had the most significant impact on society as we know it.