Inversion of biological strategies in engineering technology: in case underwater soft robot

This paper proposes a biomimetic design framework based on biological strategy inversion, aiming to systematically map solutions evolved in nature to the engineering field. Using underwater soft robot design as a case study, the effectiveness of the framework in optimizing drive mechanisms, power distribution, and motion pattern design is verified. This research provides scalable methodological support for interdisciplinary biomimetic innovation. Keywords: Bionic design; Biological strategy inversion; Knowledge framework; Soft robot 1. Introduction The core process of biomimetic inspired design can be divided into four progressive stages: problem definition, biological prototype screening, principle extraction, and engineering technology transformation[1]. This paradigm is essentially a cross-domain knowledge reconstruction process, utilizing existing biological characteristics, behaviors, and functions to correspond to features, behaviors, and similar functions in engineering, with the key being the efficiency of knowledge mapping between biological systems and engineering systems[2]. The cognitive bottleneck in current research areas lies in the fact that the high complexity of biological systems often makes it difficult to pinpoint key strategic information, while the existing knowledge framework of engineering systems struggles to effectively integrate with biological strategy knowledge. Corresponding author Email address: railway_dragon@sohu.com (He Xu) URL: (Siqing Chen), (Xueyu Zhang), (Zhen Ma) Preprint submitted to Journal of L Researchers with a biological background can explain the operational rules of natural systems well but lack knowledge reserves for engineering problems[4]. Engineers working in this field commonly encounter systemic barriers in identifying biological strategies, constrained by the professional barriers of the biological terminology system and the technical limitations of interdisciplinary knowledge expression[4][3]. Therefore, constructing an intelligent matching mechanism between biological characteristics and engineering parameters, and improving the technical processes for screening biological prototypes and converting engineering technologies, are important research directions for enhancing the effectiveness of biomimetic design.