A Cooperative Game-Based Multi-Criteria Weighted Ensemble Approach for Multi-Class Classification

Posted with permission from KICS (Aug 7, 2025). The published version may differ. Abstract --Since the Fourth Industrial Revolution, AI technology has been widely used in many fields, but there are several limitations that need to be overcome, including overfitting/underfitting, class imbalance, and the limitations of representation (hypothesis space) due to the characteristics of different models. As a method to overcome these problems, ensemble, commonly known as model combining, is being extensively used in the field of machine learning. Among ensemble learning methods, voting ensembles have been studied with various weighting methods, showing performance improvements. However, the existing methods that reflect the pre-information of classifiers in weights consider only one evaluation criterion, which limits the reflection of various information that should be considered in a model realistically. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of making decisions considering various information through c ooperative games in multi -criteria situations. Using this method, various types of information known beforehand in classifiers can be simultaneously considered and reflected, leading to appropriate weight distribution and performance improvement. The machine learning algorithms were applied to the Open - ML -CC18 dataset and compared with existing ensemble weighting methods. The experimental results showed superior performance compared to other weighting methods. I NTRODUCTION ecently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been making significant strides in various fields, backed by advancements in diverse methodologies, hardware development, interdisciplinary research, and trials across different domains[1] - [5].