Autonomous vehicles need a large-systems approach to safety

The six modules in the MSS are split between lagging and leading measures. Lagging measures track only outcomes, such as a crash, once it has already occurred. Conversely, leading measures are proactive indicators that measure prevention efforts and can be observed and evaluated prior to a crash occurring, providing foresight to the technology's performance prior to deployment. By encompassing both types of measures, the MSS intends to produce an output that gives a comprehensive view of AV safety. Much like the modules themselves, the MSS will compete in the marketplace of safety systems. Federal, state and local regulators will select approaches from this marketplace to adopt, iterate and develop. This open marketplace will drive greater transparency in safety data and greater substantive safety for pedestrians and passengers alike. Autonomous technology is expected to drastically improve the safety, sustainability, and mobility of our transportation systems. Acknowledging that creating a cohesive and inclusive approach to safety is the key to accelerating AV development, the large-systems approach offers a new way of thinking about AV safety.