Simulating Correlated Electrons with Symmetry-Enforced Normalizing Flows

One of the most widely used theoretical frameworks for studying such systems is the Hubbard model [2-4], which captures the essential competition between electron kinetic energy and on-site interactions. Over the years, a variety of methods have been developed to analyze the Hubbard model. In the weak interaction regime, perturbative approaches provide valuable insights [5]. However, outside this regime, non-perturbative effects become significant, rendering pertur-bative techniques insufficient. In these regimes, Monte Carlo simulations become an indispensable tool (see, for example, [6-13] and references therein).