What is the State-of-the-Art & Future of Artificial Intelligence?

In 1958, the New York Times reported on a demonstration by the US Navy of Frank Rosenblatt's "perceptron" (a rudimentary precursor to today's deep neural networks): "The Navy revealed the embryo of an electronic computer today that it expects will be able to walk, talk, see, write, reproduce itself, and be conscious of its existence". This optimistic take was quickly followed by similar proclamations from AI pioneers, this time about the promise of logic-based "symbolic" AI. In 1960 Herbert Simon declared that, "Machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work that a man can do". The following year, Claude Shannon echoed this prediction: "I confidently expect that within a matter of 10 or 15 years, something will emerge from the laboratory which is not too far from the robot of science fiction fame". And a few years later Marvin Minsky predicted that, "Within a generation...the problems of creating'artificial intelligence' will be substantially solved". John McCarthy promoted the term Artificial Intelligence with a wishful thinking that, 'Every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can in principle be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it. An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions, and concepts, solve the kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves.' AI was assumed to simulate human reasoning, giving the ability of a computer program to learn and think.