The History of Artificial Intelligence: The Turing Test

In his 1950's work Computing Machinery and Intelligence, Alan Turing (1912–1954), who is considered by many the father of Artificial Intelligence, laid out the following question: This question, despite its short length and old origin, still remains a frequent source of discussion, navigating the frontier between technology, philosophy, neuroscience and theology. However, more than half a century ago Turing proposed an indirect way to answer it: Through the famous Turing Test. Turing believed that for us to answer this question without ambiguity, the question itself must be rephrased, specifying or replacing the meaning of'think' and'machines'. Lets first see how we can smooth the'think' out of the equation. Turing proposed to do this by first modifying the question from "Can Machines Think?" to: "Can a machine do what we as thinking entities can do?"