Artificial intelligence: Moving towards an expedient future.

Minsky and McCarthy, in the 1950s, described artificial intelligence as any task performed by a program or a machine that, if a human carried out the same activity, we would say the human had to apply intelligence to accomplish the task. The AI systems typically demonstrate behaviors associated with human intelligence like planning, learning, reasoning, problem-solving, knowledge representation, perception, motion, manipulation, and to a lesser extent, social intelligence, and creativity. Nowadays, artificial intelligence is all around us in computers, speech and language recognition of the Siri virtual assistant on the Apple iPhone, in the vision-recognition systems on self-driving cars, in the recommendation engines that suggest products you might like based on what you bought in the past, interpreting video feeds from drones carrying out visual inspections of infrastructure such as oil pipelines, organizing personal and business calendars, responding to simple customer-service queries, coordinating with other intelligent systems to carry out tasks like booking a hotel at a suitable time and location, helping radiologists to spot potential tumors in X-rays, flagging inappropriate content online, detecting wear and tear in elevators from data gathered by IoT devices, the list goes on and on. There is a flood of virtual assistants, such as Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa, Google Assistant, and Microsoft Cortana, etc. The AI is capable of executing vastly different tasks, anything from giving you a haircut to building complex robots as commonly seen in movies, the likes of HAL in 2001, or Skynet in The Terminator, though doesn't exist today certainly a reality of tomorrow. What is machine learning: Machine learning is where a computer system is fed large amounts of data which it then uses to learn how to carry out a specific task such as understanding speech or captioning a photograph.