Using neuroscience to create learning machines

Most AI systems these days have a learning component to them, and I've touched on the ways in which systems learn a few times previously. One of the more interesting approaches aims to mimic the way humans learn. Such approaches have their roots in a theory that was first published in 1995, which suggested that learning is a two pronged approach. The first system acquires knowledge gradually based upon our exposure to new experiences. The second system then stores each of these experiences so that we can replay them and effectively integrate them.