Automated architectural space layout planning using a physics-inspired generative design framework

During this stage, the foundational spatial arrangement is conceptualised, setting the stage for subsequent spatial interactions and functional efficacy. Typically, architects initiate the space layout design by creating rough sketches or diagrams to delineate the positions and interrelationships of distinct functional areas, subsequently refining these into multiple design solutions. The meticulous planning of space layout, which outlines the internal spaces' form, size, and circulation patterns, directly influences the building's operational performance and economic outlay [1, 2]. Layout planning is recognised as a wicked problem due to its inherent complexity and variability [3]. This complexity tends to escalate, presenting a compounded challenge for human designers as the scale and intricacies of the project increase. Computational design and design automation techniques have been utilised extensively within the realm of architecture, offering significant time savings by streamlining repetitive tasks and thereby enhancing designer productivity [4-7]. This efficiency has paved the way for these technologies to be integrated more deeply into architectural practices. Consequently, it is a natural progression to employ these automated techniques to assist designers in the repetitive or complex task of space layout planning in architecture. In recent years, generative design and automated generation of floorplans and space layout has garnered considerable interest, indicating a potential paradigm shift in design methodologies.