The Dynamic Articulatory Model DYNARTmo: Dynamic Movement Generation and Speech Gestures

The neural generation and control of speech utterances is a complex process that is still not fully understood. However, several neurobiologically inspired models have been proposed that describe the hierarchical control concept of utterance generation (e.g., Hickok and Poeppel (2012); Bohland et al. (2010); Kröger et al. (2020); Parrell et al. (2018)). This process begins with the neural activation of the cognitive-linguistic representation of an utterance, followed by a higher-level premotor representation, leading to neuromuscular activation patterns, and finally to the articulatory-acoustic realization of the utterance (cf.