Regulatory frameworks for the use of AI are emerging. However, they trail behind the fast-evolving malicious AI technologies that can quickly cause lasting societal damage. In response, we introduce a pioneering Assistive AI framework designed to enhance human decision-making capabilities. This framework aims to establish a trust network across various fields, especially within legal contexts, serving as a proactive complement to ongoing regulatory efforts. Central to our framework are the principles of privacy, accountability, and credibility. In our methodology, the foundation of reliability of information and information sources is built upon the ability to uphold accountability, enhance security, and protect privacy. This approach supports, filters, and potentially guides communication, thereby empowering individuals and communities to make well-informed decisions based on cutting-edge advancements in AI. Our framework uses the concept of Boards as proxies to collectively ensure that AI-assisted decisions are reliable, accountable, and in alignment with societal values and legal standards. Through a detailed exploration of our framework, including its main components, operations, and sample use cases, the paper shows how AI can assist in the complex process of decision-making while maintaining human oversight. The proposed framework not only extends regulatory landscapes but also highlights the synergy between AI technology and human judgement, underscoring the potential of AI to serve as a vital instrument in discerning reality from fiction and thus enhancing the decision-making process. Furthermore, we provide domain-specific use cases to highlight the applicability of our framework.

The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) such as smartphones, wearables, drones, and smart speakers, as well as the gigantic amount of data they capture, have revolutionized the way we work, live, and interact with the world. Equipped with sensing, computing, networking, and communication capabilities, these devices are able to collect, analyze and transmit a wide range of data including images, videos, audio, texts, wireless signals, physiological signals from individuals and the physical world. In recent years, advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly in deep learning (DL)/deep neural network (DNN), foundation models, and Generative AI, have propelled the integration of AI with IoT, making the concept of Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) a reality. The synergy between IoT and modern AI enhances decision making, improves human-machine interactions, and facilitates more efficient operations, making AIoT one of the most exciting and promising areas that have the potential to fundamentally transform how people perceive and interact with the world. As illustrated in Figure 1, at its core, AIoT is grounded on three key components: sensing, computing, and networking & communication.

Sarcasm is a rhetorical device that is used to convey the opposite of the literal meaning of an utterance. Sarcasm is widely used on social media and other forms of computer-mediated communication motivating the use of computational models to identify it automatically. While the clear majority of approaches to sarcasm detection have been carried out on text only, sarcasm detection often requires additional information present in tonality, facial expression, and contextual images. This has led to the introduction of multimodal models, opening the possibility to detect sarcasm in multiple modalities such as audio, images, text, and video. In this paper, we present the first comprehensive survey on multimodal sarcasm detection - henceforth MSD - to date. We survey papers published between 2018 and 2023 on the topic, and discuss the models and datasets used for this task. We also present future research directions in MSD.

The spread of misinformation online, most commonly known as fake news, is an important issue that has become more pronounced in the last two decades due to the prevalence of social media. Platforms like Twitter, Reddit, and Facebook, have been commonly identified as the main channels for propagating misinformation and have been criticized for not acting on addressing the conditions that permit the circulation and amplification of false information [32]. Such misinformation includes false claims and non fact-checked news items, that originate from sources of questionable credibility [113]. The problem of misinformation becomes critical when it pertains to healthcare and health issues, since it puts lives and the public health at risk. One of the first cases of widely spread misinformation in the medical domain is the falsehood that the MMR vaccine (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) causes autism [109]. The falsehood originated from a fraudulent article titled "Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children" published in the prestigious Lancet journal in 1998 [171, 197]. This study turned tens of thousands of parents against the vaccine, and as a result, in 2020, many countries, including the United Kingdom, Greece, Venezuela, and Brazil, lost their measles elimination status. In 2020, twenty-two years after publishing this study Lancet retracted the paper [203].

This paper addresses the problem of optimizing the allocation of labeling resources for semi-supervised belief representation learning in social networks. The objective is to strategically identify valuable messages on social media graphs that are worth labeling within a constrained budget, ultimately maximizing the task's performance. Despite the progress in unsupervised or semi-supervised methods in advancing belief and ideology representation learning on social networks and the remarkable efficacy of graph learning techniques, the availability of high-quality curated labeled social data can greatly benefit and further improve performances. Consequently, allocating labeling efforts is a critical research problem in scenarios where labeling resources are limited. This paper proposes a graph data augmentation-inspired perturbation-based active learning strategy (PerbALGraph) that progressively selects messages for labeling according to an automatic estimator, obviating human guidance. This estimator is based on the principle that messages in the network that exhibit heightened sensitivity to structural features of the observational data indicate landmark quality that significantly influences semi-supervision processes. We design the estimator to be the prediction variance under a set of designed graph perturbations, which is model-agnostic and application-independent. Extensive experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for belief representation learning tasks.

In today's global digital landscape, misinformation transcends linguistic boundaries, posing a significant challenge for moderation systems. While significant advances have been made in misinformation detection, the focus remains largely on monolingual high-resource contexts, with low-resource languages often overlooked. This survey aims to bridge that gap by providing a comprehensive overview of the current research on low-resource language misinformation detection in both monolingual and multilingual settings. We review the existing datasets, methodologies, and tools used in these domains, identifying key challenges related to: data resources, model development, cultural and linguistic context, real-world applications, and research efforts. We also examine emerging approaches, such as language-agnostic models and multi-modal techniques, while emphasizing the need for improved data collection practices, interdisciplinary collaboration, and stronger incentives for socially responsible AI research. Our findings underscore the need for robust, inclusive systems capable of addressing misinformation across diverse linguistic and cultural contexts.

Infectious diseases occur when pathogens from other individuals or animals infect a person, resulting in harm to both individuals and society as a whole. The outbreak of such diseases can pose a significant threat to human health. However, early detection and tracking of these outbreaks have the potential to reduce the mortality impact. To address these threats, public health authorities have endeavored to establish comprehensive mechanisms for collecting disease data. Many countries have implemented infectious disease surveillance systems, with the detection of epidemics being a primary objective. The clinical healthcare system, local/state health agencies, federal agencies, academic/professional groups, and collaborating governmental entities all play pivotal roles within this system. Moreover, nowadays, search engines and social media platforms can serve as valuable tools for monitoring disease trends. The Internet and social media have become significant platforms where users share information about their preferences and relationships. This real-time information can be harnessed to gauge the influence of ideas and societal opinions, making it highly useful across various domains and research areas, such as marketing campaigns, financial predictions, and public health, among others. This article provides a review of the existing standard methods developed by researchers for detecting outbreaks using time series data. These methods leverage various data sources, including conventional data sources and social media data or Internet data sources. The review particularly concentrates on works published within the timeframe of 2015 to 2022.

The vast adoption of Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth capabilities in Internet of Things (IoT) devices, along with the rapid growth of deployed smart devices, has caused significant interference and congestion in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands. Traditional Wi-Fi Medium Access Control (MAC) design faces significant challenges in managing increasingly complex wireless environments while ensuring network Quality of Service (QoS) performance. This paper explores the potential integration of advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods into the design of Wi-Fi MAC protocols. We propose AI-MAC, an innovative approach that employs machine learning algorithms to dynamically adapt to changing network conditions, optimize channel access, mitigate interference, and ensure deterministic latency. By intelligently predicting and managing interference, AI-MAC aims to provide a robust solution for next generation of Wi-Fi networks, enabling seamless connectivity and enhanced QoS. Our experimental results demonstrate that AI-MAC significantly reduces both interference and latency, paving the way for more reliable and efficient wireless communications in the increasingly crowded ISM band.

Adversarial training (AT) refers to integrating adversarial examples -- inputs altered with imperceptible perturbations that can significantly impact model predictions -- into the training process. Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of AT in improving the robustness of deep neural networks against diverse adversarial attacks. However, a comprehensive overview of these developments is still missing. This survey addresses this gap by reviewing a broad range of recent and representative studies. Specifically, we first describe the implementation procedures and practical applications of AT, followed by a comprehensive review of AT techniques from three perspectives: data enhancement, network design, and training configurations. Lastly, we discuss common challenges in AT and propose several promising directions for future research.

Client-Service Representatives (CSRs) are vital to organizations. Frequent interactions with disgruntled clients, however, disrupt their mental well-being. To help CSRs regulate their emotions while interacting with uncivil clients, we designed Pro-Pilot, an LLM-powered assistant, and evaluated its efficacy, perception, and use. Our comparative analyses between 665 human and Pro-Pilot-generated support messages demonstrate Pro-Pilot's ability to adapt to and demonstrate empathy in various incivility incidents. Additionally, 143 CSRs assessed Pro-Pilot's empathy as more sincere and actionable than human messages. Finally, we interviewed 20 CSRs who interacted with Pro-Pilot in a simulation exercise. They reported that Pro-Pilot helped them avoid negative thinking, recenter thoughts, and humanize clients; showing potential for bridging gaps in coworker support. Yet, they also noted deployment challenges and emphasized the irreplaceability of shared experiences. We discuss future designs and societal implications of AI-mediated emotional labor, underscoring empathy as a critical function for AI assistants in front-office roles.