Natural and Artificial Intelligence

How are we making computers do the things we used to associated only with humans? Have we made a breakthrough in understanding human intelligence? While recent achievements might give the sense that the answer is yes, the short answer is that we are nowhere near. All we've achieved for the moment is a breakthrough in emulating intelligence. A more recent example comes from the middle of the last century. A hundred years ago computers were human beings, often female, who conducted repetitive mathematical tasks for the creation of mathematical tables such as logarithms. Our modern digital computers were originally called automatic computers to reflect the fact that the intelligence of these human operators had been automated. But despite the efficiency with which they perform these tasks, very few think of their mobile phones or computers as intelligent. Norbert Wiener launched last century's first wave of interest in emulation of intelligence with his book "Cybernetics".