These poker-playing robots can bluff better than humans

When it comes to understanding intelligence, the greatest challenge out there is not a Rubik's Cube, or chess, or even Go. These games are difficult in the sense that there are often many options, but they are still transparent: nothing is hidden; every bit of information is in front of you. The main obstacle is converting this perfect information into a strategy. There is a fixed set of rules out there, and if a computer can find them, it will achieve the optimal result in every game. When Garry Kasparov lost to IBM's Deep Blue chess computer in 1997, he lamented this approach.