The Key Differences Between AI, Machine Learning and Deep Learning

In late May at the Future of Go Summit in Wuzhen, China, DeepMind's Go-playing artificial intelligence program AlphaGo won a three-game match over grandmaster Ke Jie and continued its dominance over human players. The Chinese Weiqi Association awarded AlphaGo 9-dan professional status, the highest possible rank for Go players, and Google subsidiary DeepMind announced AlphaGo's retirement, assigning its project team to other AI projects. AlphaGo was one of the biggest AI breakthroughs in recent memory because it beat the best human players at a game much more complex than chess and other board games. DeepMind relied on deep learning to program AlphaGo to learn Go in a similar manner to a human. But what makes deep learning deep?