TragiComedy hour: P-values vs posterior probabilities vs diagnostic error rates

The consequences of recent criticisms of statistical tests have breathed brand new life into some very old howlers, many of which have been discussed on this blog. What is not funny, though, is how standard notions such as frequentist error probabilities are being redefined in the process, and how we now have arguments built on equivocations. In fact, there are official guidebooks for the statistically perplexed giving inconsistent definitions to the same term (See for just 1 of many examples this post). How much more perplexed will that leave us! Since it's near the 5-year anniversary of this blog, tonight let's listen in to a new comedy hour mixing one from 3 years ago with some add-ons*.