Recent Advances in Conversational Intelligent Tutoring Systems

We highlight progress in terms of macro-and microadaptivity. Macroadaptivity refers to a system's capability to select appropriate instructional tasks for the learner to work on. Microadaptivity refers to a system's capability to adapt its scaffolding while the learner is working on a particular task. The advances in macro-and microadaptivity that are presented here were made possible by the use of learning progressions, deeper dialogue, and natural language-processing techniques, and by the use of affect-enabled components. Learning progressions and deeper dialogue and natural language-processing techniques are key features of Deep-Tutor, the first intelligent tutoring system based on learning progressions.