Rise of the Robochemist

Abstract--Chemistry, a long-standing discipline, has historically relied on manual and often time-consuming processes. While some automation exists, the field is now on the cusp of a significant evolution driven by the integration of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), giving rise to the concept of the robochemist: a new paradigm where autonomous systems assist in designing, executing, and analyzing experiments. Robo-chemists integrate mobile manipulators, advanced perception, teleoperation, and data-driven protocols to execute experiments with greater adaptability, reproducibility, and safety. Rather than a fully automated replacement for human chemists, we envisioned the robochemist as a complementary partner that works collaboratively to enhance discovery, enabling a more efficient exploration of chemical space and accelerating innovation in pharmaceuticals, materials science, and sustainable manufacturing. This article traces the technologies, applications, and challenges that define this transformation, highlighting both the opportunities and the responsibilities that accompany the emergence of the robochemist. Ultimately, the future of chemistry is argued to lie in a symbiotic partnership where human intuition and expertise is amplified by robotic precision and AI-driven insight. The field of chemistry, a cornerstone of modern science and industry, has long been characterized by a blend of theoretical insight and practical, hands-on experimentation.