Collision avoidance and path finding in a robotic mobile fulfillment system using multi-objective meta-heuristics

The rapid growth of e-commerce in recent years has significantly transformed people's shopping habits [1]. Consumers increasingly favor online shopping over in-person purchases, leading to a substantial impact on product logistics, which plays a crucial role in customer satisfaction. In addition to product quality and other factors, the timely delivery of orders has become a key determinant of customer satisfaction. Picking and replenishment tasks are responsible for 65% of operating costs [2]. In a conventional manual order picking system, often referred to as a picker-to-parts system, pickers dedicate 70% of their working time to searching for items and traveling within the facility [3, 4].