Based on the experience in manufacturing production scheduling problems which the AI community has amassed over the last ten years, a workshop was held to provide a forum for discussion of the issues encountered in the design of AI-based scheduling systems. Several topics were addressed including : the relative virtues of expert system, deep method, and interactive approaches, the balance between predictive and reactive components in a scheduling system, the maintenance of convenient scheduling descriptions, the application of the ideas of chaos theory to scheduling, the state of the art in schedulers which learn, and the practicality and desirability of a set of benchmark scheduling problems. This article expands on these issues, abstracts the papers which were presented, and summarizes the lengthy discussions that took place.

The growth in the amount of available databases far outstrips the growth of corresponding knowledge. This creates both a need and an opportunity for extracting knowledge from databases. Many recent results have been reported on extracting different kinds of knowledge from databases, including diagnostic rules, drug side effects, classes of stars, rules for expert systems, and rules for semantic query optimization.

The Full-Sized Knowledge-Based Systems Research Workshop was held May 7-8, 1990 in Washington, D.C., as part of the AI Systems in Government Conference sponsored by IEEE Computer Society, Mitre Corporation and George Washington University in cooperation with AAAI. The goal of the workshop was to convene an international group of researchers and practitioners to share insights into the problems of building and deploying Full-Sized Knowledge Based Systems (FSKBSs).

In Daniel G. Bobrow and Alan Model of Computation Based on a Calculus University of New York at Albany, 1986. On the of many sorted interpolation theorems. An investigation [Höhfeld and Smolka, 1988] Markus Höhfeld in Expert Systems III, pages 184-194, into inference with restricted and G. Smolka. A many-sorted resolution based Levesque, and Raymond Reiter, editors, 2(3):142-150, 1986. An overview in a topically organized semantic of the HORNE logic programming system.

Clancey troubleshooting tutor for only 20 The cognitive modeling group provided would like to see alternative cognitive hours gained a proficiency equivalent strong advocacy for the use of models available within a system to that of trainees with 40 months cognitive modeling in building these rather than a single "correct" model (almost 4 years) on-the-job training systems. They argued for increased used to justify instruction.

Molecular biology is emerging as an important domain for artificial intelligence research. The advantages of biology for design and testing of AI systems include large amounts of available online data, significant (but incomplete) background knowledge, a wide variety of problems commensurate with AI technologies, clear standards of success, cooperative domain experts, non-military basic research support and percieved potential for practical (and profitable) applications. These considerations have motivated a growing group of researchers to pursue both basic and applied AI work in the domain. More than seventy-five researchers working on these problems gathered at Stanford for a AAAI sponsored symposium on the topic. This article provides a description of much of the work presented at the meeting, and fills in the basic biology background necessary to place it in context.

Models of design processes provide guidance in the development of knowledge-based systems for design. The basis for such models comes from research in design theory and methodology as well as problem solving in AI. Three models are presented: decomposition, case-based reasoning, and transformation. Each model provides a formalism for representing design knowledge and experience in distinct and complementary forms.

I concentrate on this class of design 1989) that lays out the relation problems in this article. An example of an implicit function mapping from behavior to structure), typically in many engineering devices is safety: For conducted by means of a search or exploration example, a subsystem's role might only be in the space of possible subassemblies explained as something that prevents the of components. This accent on assembly is in leakage of a potentially hazardous substance, fact the origin of the frequent suggestion that and this function might never be explicitly design is a synthetic task. Only a vanishingly design specifications will usually mention a small number of objects in this space constitute number of constraints. The distinction even satisficing, not to mention optimal, between functions and constraints is hard to solutions. What is needed to make design formally pin down; functions are constraints practical are strategies that radically shrink on the behavior or properties of the device. However, it is useful to distinguish functions Set against the view of design as a deliberative from other constraints because functions are problem-solving process is the view of the primary reason that the device is desired. Artistic creations and weigh more than..."), the process of making scientific theories are often said by their creators the artifact from its description (manufacturability to have occurred to them in this Even when a plausible solution itself (for example, "I want a design within a occurs in this way, the proposal still needs to week"), and so on.

Models of design processes provide guidance in the development of knowledge-based systems for design. The basis for such models comes from research in design theory and methodology as well as problem solving in AI. Three models are presented: decomposition, case-based reasoning, and transformation. Each model provides a formalism for representing design knowledge and experience in distinct and complementary forms.

I appreciated very much the Spring 1990 issue of the AI Magazine on Robotic Assembly and Task Planning. It seems to me, however, that some good work that has been carried out on this subject in Europe during recent years has not been covered very much. Also commons on the low participation levels of women in the computer industry, suggestions for the inclusion of dissertation abstracts, comments on the Feldman article in the Fall 1990 issue, and a note about the discontinuance of plastic coverings on AI Magazine.