Following a brief overview discussing why people prefer listening to expressive music instead of nonexpressive synthesized music, we examine a representative selection of well-known approaches to expressive computer music performance with an emphasis on AIrelated approaches. In the main part of the article we focus on the existing CBR approaches to the problem of synthesizing expressive music, and particularly on Tempo-Express, a case-based reasoning system developed at our Institute, for applying musically acceptable tempo transformations to monophonic audio recordings of musical performances. Finally we briefly describe an ongoing extension of our previous work consisting of complementing audio information with information about the gestures of the musician. Music is played through our bodies, therefore capturing the gesture of the performer is a fundamental aspect that has to be taken into account in future expressive music renderings. This article is based on the "2011 Robert S. Engelmore Memorial Lecture" given by the first author at AAAI/IAAI 2011.

This year ICCBR featured the Industry Day, the fifth annual Doctoral Consortium and three workshops.

The Twenty-Second International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning was held from September 29 to October 1, 2014. ICCBR is the annual meeting of the CBR community and the leading conference on this topic. Started in 1993 as the European Conference on CBR and 1995 as ICCBR, the two conferences alternated biennially until their merger in 2010. The main conference track featured 19 research paper presentations, 16 posters, and two invited speakers. The papers and posters reflected the state of the art of case-based reasoning, dealing both with open problems at the core of casebased reasoning (especially in similarity assessment, case adaptation, and case-based maintenance), as well as trending applications of CBR.

In this and the next issue of AI Magazine, we will present extended versions of papers presented at IAAI-12 (held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada) that were selected for their description of AI technologies that are either in practical use or close to it. We also present an article by Ramon Lopez de Mantaras based on his 2011 Robert S. Engelmore Memorial Lecture. Our selections for this issue begin with Playing with Cases: Rendering Expressive Music with Case-Based Reasoning by Ramon Lopez de Mantaras and Josep Lluís Arcos, based on the Robert S. Engelmore Memorial Lecture at IAAI-11 in San Francisco, California. Lopez de Mantaras received the Robert S. Engelmore Memorial Lecture Award for his pioneering research contributions in a breadth of artificial intelligence areas, especially pattern recognition and case-based reasoning, leading to novel applications in design, diagnosis, and music, and for extensive international leadership and service for the AI community. He is also a founding member of several AI companies.

Hitachi Data Systems (Santa Clara, CA) has added a download microcode enhancement to its Hi-Track expert system. The enhancement will allow Hi-Track to remotely identify and solve potential problems in a customer's storage subsystem, over the telephone. AT&T Network Systems (Oklahoma, OK) has developed System Test History Analysis, an expert system to lower circuit pack repair expenditures and to isolate and resolve intermittent problems prior to shipment to customers. The system reviews the test history on multiple switching module configurations of digital telecommunications systems equipment. The embedded system analyzes the competition's prices, compares them to Alamo's, and then suggests a suitable pricing alternative.

In this report we review the research themes covered in these papers and identify the topics that are active at the moment. The main mechanism for this analysis is a clustering of the research papers based on both cocitation links and text similarity. It is interesting to note that the core set of papers has attracted citations from almost three thousand papers outside the conference collection so it is clear that the CBR conferences are a subpart of a much larger whole. It is remarkable that the research themes revealed by this analysis do not map directly to the subtopics of CBR that might appear in a textbook. Instead they reflect the applications-oriented focus of CBR research, and cover the promising application areas and research challenges that are faced. Each year since 1993 there has been an international or European conference on CBR. Up to 2007, this conference series produced 672 papers in all. In this report we examine the research themes evident in these papers and identify the most active research topics in CBR. At the 2008 conference we presented an analysis of the research themes in CBR, based on an analysis of the cocitation links in the research literature (Greene et al. 2008). That analysis was based on the core set of 672 papers from the CBR conferences with cocitation data coming from a set of 3461 papers that cite these papers (details on how cocitation links are determined are given later in the article). While cocitation analysis has been proven to be very effective at uncovering relational structure in the research literature (White and Griffith 1981), it has the shortcoming that recent papers will have few cocitation links as papers citing pairs of papers in the core set (that is, the source of cocitation links) have not yet appeared. This issue is evident in the plot of citation counts shown in figure 1 and ultimately makes it impossible to recognize the influence of more recent papers.

The American Association for Artificial Intelligence sponsored a number of workshops in conjunction with the Eleventh National Conference on Artificial Intelligence held 11-15 July 1993 in Washington, D.C. This article contains reports of four of the workshops that were conducted: AI Models for System Engineering, Case-Based Reasoning, Reasoning about Function, and Validation and Verification of Knowledge-Based Systems. This article contains reports of four of the workshops that were conducted: AI Models for System Engineering, Case-Based Reasoning, Reasoning about Function, and Validation and Verification of Knowledge-Based Systems. The AI Models for System Engineering Workshop included 11 presentations divided into 2 broad categories: (1) the need for using AI in system engineering and (2) existing AI applications in system engineering. A morning discussion centered on large system engineering problems that could benefit from AI: modelbased system engineering, the monitoring of the effects of change in large systems, organizational aspects of system engineering, and the integration of software into large systems.

This page includes forthcoming AAAI sponsored conferences, conferences presented by AAAI Affiliates, and conferences held in cooperation with AAAI. AI Magazine also maintains a calendar listing that includes nonaffiliated conferences at www.aaai.org/Magazine/calendar.php. HCOMP 2014 will be held November 2-4 in Pittsburgh, PA USA. The AAAI Fall Symposium Series will be held November 13-15 in Arlington, VA USA. AAAI-15 will be held January 25-29 in Austin, Texas, USA.

This page includes forthcoming AAAI sponsored conferences, conferences presented by AAAI Affiliates, and conferences held in cooperation with AAAI. AI Magazine also maintains a calendar listing that includes nonaffiliated conferences at www.aaai.org/Magazine/calendar.php. AIIDE-13 will be held October 14-18 at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. The AAAI Fall Symposium Series will be held November 15-17 at the Westin Arlington Gateway in Arlington, Virginia, near Washington, DC USA. ICINCO 2013 will be The Thirteenth International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents.

This page includes forthcoming AAAI sponsored conferences, conferences presented by AAAI Affiliates, and conferences held in cooperation with AAAI. AI Magazine also maintains a calendar listing that includes nonaffiliated conferences at www.aaai.org/Magazine/calendar.php. AIIDE-13 will be held October 14-18 at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. The AAAI Fall Symposium Series will be held November 15-17 at the Westin Arlington Gateway in Arlington, Virginia, near Washington, DC USA. FLAIRS 2013 will be held May 22-24, 2013 at the TradeWinds Island Resort, St. Pete Beach, FL ICAPS 2013 will be held 10-14 June, 2013 in Rome, Italy Twenty-Third International Joint-Conference on Artificial Intelligence.