Oshen's robotic sailboats are powered by the wind and the sun The UK's Royal Navy may return to the age of sail, with a new demonstration involving a flotilla of small, wind-propelled robot boats. Made by Oshen in Plymouth, UK, the vessels, known as C-Stars, are just 1.2 metres long and weigh around 40 kilos. Solar panels power navigation, communications and sensors, while a sail provides propulsion. Deployed as a constellation, the small vessels act as a wide-area sensor network. How the US military wants to use the world's largest aircraft "The simplest way of describing C-Stars is as self-deploying, station-keeping ocean buoys," says Oshen CEO Anahita Laverack .

Abstract--Deep-sea exploration faces critical challenges including disorientation, communication loss, and navigational failures in hostile underwater environments. This paper presents an Autonomous Underwater Cognitive System (AUCS) that integrates Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) with a Soar-based cognitive architecture to enable adaptive navigation under dynamic oceanic conditions. The system combines multi-sensor fusion (SONAR, LiDAR, IMU, DVL) with cognitive reasoning capabilities including perception, attention, planning, and learning. Unlike conventional reactive SLAM systems, AUCS incorporates semantic understanding, adaptive sensor management, and memory-based learning to distinguish between dynamic and static objects, thus reducing false loop closures and improving long-term map consistency. This work addresses critical safety limitations observed in previous deep-sea missions and establishes a foundation for next-generation cognitive submersible systems.

What does Elon Musk do with all his money? Tesla boss Elon Musk has been one of the world's richest people for several years now, and that wealth recently went stratospheric when he became the first half-trillionaire. Despite this, Musk has insisted he leads a largely unglamorous lifestyle. He said in 2021 that he lived in a Texas home valued at $50,000 (£38,000). His former partner Grimes, with whom he has two children, told Vanity Fair in 2022 he does not live the extravagant life of excess luxury many assume.

Shielding is widely used to enforce safety in reinforcement learning (RL), ensuring that an agent's actions remain compliant with formal specifications. Classical shielding approaches, however, are often static, in the sense that they assume fixed logical specifications and hand-crafted abstractions. While these static shields provide safety under nominal assumptions, they fail to adapt when environment assumptions are violated. In this paper, we develop the first adaptive shielding framework - to the best of our knowledge - based on Generalized Reactivity of rank 1 (GR(1)) specifications, a tractable and expressive fragment of Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) that captures both safety and liveness properties. Our method detects environment assumption violations at runtime and employs Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) to automatically repair GR(1) specifications online, in a systematic and interpretable way. This ensures that the shield evolves gracefully, ensuring liveness is achievable and weakening goals only when necessary. We consider two case studies: Minepump and Atari Seaquest; showing that (i) static symbolic controllers are often severely suboptimal when optimizing for auxiliary rewards, and (ii) RL agents equipped with our adaptive shield maintain near-optimal reward and perfect logical compliance compared with static shields.

Redwing, a robotic submarine about the size of a surfboard, is embarking on a five-year journey that will follow the famed explorer Ferdinand Magellan's voyage around the world A small robot submarine is setting out to go around the world for the first time. Teledyne Marine and Rutgers University New Brunswick in New Jersey are launching an underwater glider called Redwing on its Sentinel Mission from Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts on 11 October. Researchers have been using underwater gliders since the 1990s. Rather than a propeller, gliders have a buoyancy engine, a gas-filled piston that slightly changes the craft's overall buoyancy. An electric motor pushes the piston in to make the glider heavier than water so it slowly sinks, coasting downwards at a shallow angle.

Australia's forthcoming Aukus nuclear-powered submarines have been called the'apex predator of the oceans'. Australia's forthcoming Aukus nuclear-powered submarines have been called the'apex predator of the oceans'. Quantum sensing, satellite tracking and AI are part of an accelerating arms race in detection that should prompt a re-evaluation of Australia's defence strategy Military history is littered with the corpses of apex predators. All once possessed unassailable power - then were undermined, in some cases wiped out, by the march of new technology. " Speed and stealth and firepower," the head of the Australian Submarine Agency, Jonathan Mead, told the Guardian two years ago of Australia's forthcoming fleet of nuclear submarines.

Late this spring, I was led into a car in Kyiv, blindfolded, and driven to a secret factory in western Ukraine. The facility belongs to TAF Drones, founded three years ago by Oleksandr Yakovenko, a young Ukrainian businessman who wanted to help fend off the Russian invasion. When the war started, Yakovenko was busy running a logistics company in Odesa, but his country needed all the help it could get. Ukraine was overmatched--fighting a larger, wealthier adversary with a bigger army and more sophisticated weapons. "The government said to me, 'We need you to make drones,' " Yakovenko told me.

When Hans Hartman, a civil engineer, attempted to film the ocean depths in 1917, he pioneered what would become the first deep-sea ROV, or remotely operated vehicle. During an era of silent movies and wartime U-boats, Hartman's ambitious invention--a 1,500-pound electric, submarine camera--could be lowered to a depth of 1,000 feet to capture images of sunken ships and submerged treasures. Despite featuring a gyroscope for stability, a motorized propeller for controlled rotation, and an innovative light source, as Popular Science explained, it had a serious limitation: The hulking apparatus had to be operated blindly from a ship's deck, which meant it was impossible for the camera's operator to see what they were filming until the footage was viewed later. In 1925, Popular Science showcased his next breakthrough--a cylindrical apparatus (seen above) attached to a ship by a cable, housing a submersible, motor-driven camera, as well as enough room for a person who could control the camera, or communicate with crew members nearby to aid with various underwater missions, such as salvaging. The vertical, tin-can-like submarine, equipped with porthole windows and a powerful spotlight, allowed "the operator to go down into the water with a camera and photograph whatever he chooses."

As Large language models have shown a remarkable a significant milestone in this area, Elhage et al. ability to learn and perform complex tasks through (2021) demonstrated the existence of induction in-context learning (ICL) (Brown et al., 2020; Touvron heads in Transformer LMs. These heads scan the et al., 2023b). In ICL, the model receives context for previous instances of the current token a demonstration context and a query question as using a prefix matching mechanism, which identifies a prompt for prediction. Unlike supervised learning, if and where a token has appeared before. ICL utilises the pretrained model's capabilities If a matching token is found, the head employs to recognise and replicate patterns within the a copying mechanism to increase the probability demonstration context, thereby enabling accurate of the subsequent token, facilitating exact or approximate predictions for the query without the use of gradient repetition of sequences and embodying updates.

The report's authors detail a number of ways that use of drones in any South China Sea conflict would differ starkly from current practices, most notably in the war in Ukraine, often called the first full-scale drone war. Since Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, drones have been aiding in what military experts describe as the first three steps of the "kill chain"--finding, targeting, and tracking a target--as well as in delivering explosives. The drones have a short life span, since they are often shot down or made useless by frequency jamming devices that prevent pilots from controlling them. Quadcopters--the commercially available drones often used in the war--last just three flights on average, according to the report. Drones like these would be far less useful in a possible invasion of Taiwan.