ABSTRACT Video sequences often contain structured noise and background artifacts that obscure dynamic content, posing challenges for accurate analysis and restoration. Robust principal component methods address this by decomposing data into low-rank and sparse components. Still, the sparsity assumption often fails to capture the rich variability present in real video data. To overcome this limitation, a hybrid framework that integrates low-rank temporal modeling with diffusion posterior sampling is proposed. The proposed method, Nuclear Diffusion, is evaluated on a real-world medical imaging problem, namely cardiac ultrasound dehazing, and demonstrates improved dehazing performance compared to traditional RPCA concerning contrast enhancement (gCNR) and signal preservation (KS statistic).

Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD) is a popular approach in early drug development, but designing effective linkers to combine disconnected molecular fragments into chemically and pharmacologically viable candidates remains challenging. Further complexity arises when fragments contain structural redundancies, like duplicate rings, which cannot be addressed by simply adding or removing atoms or bonds. To address these challenges in a unified framework, we introduce FragmentGPT, which integrates two core components: (1) a novel chemically-aware, energy-based bond cleavage pre-training strategy that equips the GPT-based model with fragment growing, linking, and merging capabilities, and (2) a novel Reward Ranked Alignment with Expert Exploration (RAE) algorithm that combines expert imitation learning for diversity enhancement, data selection and augmentation for Pareto and composite score optimality, and Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) to align the learner policy with multi-objective goals. Conditioned on fragment pairs, FragmentGPT generates linkers that connect diverse molecular subunits while simultaneously optimizing for multiple pharmaceutical goals. It also learns to resolve structural redundancies-such as duplicated fragments-through intelligent merging, enabling the synthesis of optimized molecules. FragmentGPT facilitates controlled, goal-driven molecular assembly. Experiments and ablation studies on real-world cancer datasets demonstrate its ability to generate chemically valid, high-quality molecules tailored for downstream drug discovery tasks.

For decades, my dad has been saying that he doesn't want to hear a word about self-driving cars until they exist fully and completely. Until he can go to sleep behind the wheel (if there is a wheel) in his driveway in western New York State and wake up on vacation in Florida (or wherever), what is the point? Driverless cars have long supposedly been right around the corner. Elon Musk once said that fully self-driving cars would be ready by 2019. Ford planned to do it by 2021.

Fox News correspondent Gillian Turner has the latest on the president's focus amid calls for an impeachment inquiry on'Special Report.' Lawmakers on the Senate Energy Committee were warned on Thursday about both the threats and opportunities that come with artificial intelligence being integrated into the U.S. energy sector and everyday life as a whole. The committee held a hearing on the rapidly advancing technology, and experts present spent a significant amount of time not only discussing AI but the ever-looming threat of China and its efforts to steal and recreate emerging U.S. capabilities. "China released their new generation of AI Development Plan, which includes [research and development] and infrastructure targets. The U.S. currently does not have a strategic AI plan like this," Committee Chair Joe Manchin, D-W.Va., said at the hearing's outset.

Potatoes, Yorkshire puds, gravy, meat and veggies - the Sunday Roast is a meal integral to British identity. It is believed to have its origins in medieval times, around the 12th century, when village serfs were rewarded with roasted ox by their masters after church. At first glance, these plates show golden roast potatoes, billowing Yorkshire puddings, a perfectly juicy joint and lashings of gorgeous gravy. But take a closer look and the traditional dish appears more and more suspicious. Artificial intelligence has generated several photos of the traditional dinner, including all the trimmings. A user on Reddit shared the images, however it was unclear how the AI created the pictures or what software was used.

Deepfake AI has the potential to undermine national security, a cybersecurity expert has warned. Dr Tim Stevens, director of the Cyber Security Research Group at King's College London, said deepfake AI - which can create hyper-realistic images and videos of people - had potential to undermine democratic institutions and national security. Dr Stevens said the widespread availability of these tools could be exploited by states like Russia to'troll' target populations in a bid to achieve foreign policy objectives and'undermine' the national security of countries. He added: 'The potential is there for AIs and deepfakes to affect national security. 'They could be exploited by autocracies like Russia to decrease the level of trust in those institutions and organisations.' Here, MailOnline has put together a deepfake test as well as everything you need to know about deepfakes.

On Tuesday, New York City public schools banned ChatGPT from school devices and WiFi networks. The artificial intelligence-powered chatbot, released by OpenAI in November, quickly gained a foothold with the public -- and drew the ire of concerned organizations. In this case, the worry is that students will stunt their learning by cheating on tests and turning in essays they didn't write. ChatGPT (short for "generative pre-trained transformer") is a startlingly impressive application, a sneak preview of the light and dark sides of AI's incredible power. Like a text-producing version of AI art (OpenAI is the same company behind DALL-E 2), it can answer fact-based questions and write essays and articles that are often difficult to discern from human-written content.

Physics-based simulations, that staple of traditional HPC, may be evolving toward an emerging, AI-based technique that could radically accelerate simulation runs while cutting costs. Called "surrogate machine learning models," the topic was a focal point in a keynote on Tuesday at the International Conference on Parallel Processing by Argonne National Lab's Rick Stevens. Stevens, ANL's associate laboratory director for computing, environment and life sciences, said early work in "surrogates," as the technique is called, shows tens of thousands of times (and more) speed-ups and could "potentially replace simulations." In his keynote, entitled, "Exascale and Then What?: The Next Decade for HPC and AI," Stevens explained surrogates this way: "You have a system, it could be a molecular system or drug design…, and you have a physics-based simulation of it… You run this code and capture the input-output relationships of the core simulation… You use that training data to build an approximate model. These are typically done with neural networks… and this surrogate model approximates the simulation, and typically it is much faster. Of course, it has some errors, so then you use that surrogate model to search the space, or to advance time steps. And then maybe you do a correction step later."

A screenshot of Neurogrow, which tests a patient's memory and reaction time as an experimental treatment for cognitive decline. A screenshot of Neurogrow, which tests a patient's memory and reaction time as an experimental treatment for cognitive decline. The neurologist said Pam Stevens' cognitive impairment couldn't be treated. She and her husband, Pete Stevens, were told to give up hope. "On two separate occasions, over a two-year period, the neurologist said there was nothing we could do," said Pete Stevens.

When Mike Koval, the police chief of Madison, Wisconsin, abruptly resigned on a Sunday in September 2019, the community's relationship with its men and women in blue was already strained. Use-of-force issues hung over the department after the killing of a Black teenager in 2015. Then, months before Koval left, another Black teenager, in the middle of a mental health crisis, was beaten on the head by an officer while being restrained by three others. The process of selecting a new police chief followed a standard formula. A five-person team of mayor-appointed, city-council-approved commissioners would make the ultimate decision, allowing for public comment beforehand.