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Enhancing LLM-based Hatred and Toxicity Detection with Meta-Toxic Knowledge Graph

Zhao, Yibo, Zhu, Jiapeng, Xu, Can, Li, Xiang

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The rapid growth of social media platforms has raised significant concerns regarding online content toxicity. When Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for toxicity detection, two key challenges emerge: 1) the absence of domain-specific toxic knowledge leads to false negatives; 2) the excessive sensitivity of LLMs to toxic speech results in false positives, limiting freedom of speech. To address these issues, we propose a novel method called MetaTox, leveraging graph search on a meta-toxic knowledge graph to enhance hatred and toxicity detection. First, we construct a comprehensive meta-toxic knowledge graph by utilizing LLMs to extract toxic information through a three-step pipeline, with toxic benchmark datasets serving as corpora. Second, we query the graph via retrieval and ranking processes to supplement accurate, relevant toxic knowledge. Extensive experiments and in-depth case studies across multiple datasets demonstrate that our MetaTox significantly decreases the false positive rate while boosting overall toxicity detection performance. Our code will be available soon.


Example set by persecuted Christians is both 'inspiring' and 'convicting,' says Pennsylvania evangelist

FOX News

As believers reflect on the lessons gained during Lent, many consider how they may more fully live out their faith each and every day. As 1 Peter 3:18 reminds the faithful, "For Christ also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the sake of the unrighteous, that he might lead you to God. Put to death in the flesh, he was brought to life in the spirit." This Bible verse comes from the First Epistle of Peter, a letter to a persecuted group of Christians. The epistle is believed to have been written by the apostle Peter in the mid-first century, says the website Bible Study Tools.


Kremlin attack 'yet another justification of killings in Ukraine'

Al Jazeera

Kyiv, Ukraine – What happened over the vermilion walls of the Kremlin early on Wednesday could have been a dream come true for many Ukrainians, who have been suffering at the hands of invading Russian troops for more than a year. What could showcase Ukraine's resilience better than a drone attack on Russian President Vladimir Putin's residence in the medieval fortress-turned government seat of power, a centuries-old symbol of Russia's imperial power that stretched from the Baltic to the Pacific? But analysts told Al Jazeera that the details of the attack, which Russia blamed on Washington and Kyiv without providing any evidence, remain unclear and unverified. Both the United States and Ukraine have denied those allegations while the European Union warned Moscow against using the apparent assault as reason to further escalate its brutal war. Around 2:30am on Wednesday [23:30 GMT on Tuesday], a small drone flying from the south crashed into the dome of the Senate Palace, an 18th-century building that serves as Putin's official workplace.


The year deepfakes went mainstream

MIT Technology Review

In 2018, Sam Cole, a reporter at Motherboard, discovered a new and disturbing corner of the internet. A Reddit user by the name of "deepfakes" was posting nonconsensual fake porn videos using an AI algorithm to swap celebrities' faces into real porn. Cole sounded the alarm on the phenomenon, right as the technology was about to explode. A year later, deepfake porn had spread far beyond Reddit, with easily accessible apps that could "strip" clothes off any woman photographed. Since then deepfakes have had a bad rap, and rightly so.


The Future of A.I. Is (Probably) Chinese

#artificialintelligence

The Sino-American relationship has been quite a roller coaster this year, courtesy of the belligerent occupant of the White House. With its technical and operational superiority in 5G mobile networks (the vital infrastructure for technologies like A.I. and the Internet of Things), Huawei might be an avatar for China itself: ambitious, future-focused, and a serious threat to U.S. exceptionalism. The deluge of American complaints about Huawei being a national security risk (due to its links to the Chinese state) should be recognized for what it is: cover for the United States to engage in economic warfare, throwing its significant weight around to help ensure Huawei is blacklisted across the globe. The desperation of the U.S. efforts reflects a cold truth about the international competition in technology, and A.I. in particular: China is opening up a lead. Following their public commitment in 2017 to develop world leadership in A.I. by 2030, China has backed up its strategy with several billion dollars' worth of funding and a cohesive bureaucratic effort to manage the plan's execution.


'Human Flow,' Ai Weiwei's feature-film debut, takes on the global refugee crisis

Los Angeles Times

Ai Weiwei may be China's most famous contemporary artist and a prolific social justice activist. But at his core, Ai insists, he is simply an observer. Not to mention a relentless documenter -- of the Chinese communist government, of international human rights violations, of the 40-some cats that roam his Beijing art studio and of the longtime team members who populate his Berlin art studio, a 150-year-old underground beer cellar. Tonight it's the moon that has captured Ai's attention. He arrived a few hours ago at LAX and now strolls languidly across his agent's Beverly Hills office courtyard, repeatedly stopping to take photos of the sky.


There's now a self-help Facebook Messenger chatbot

#artificialintelligence

What's happening now: Myanmar's government launched its latest surge of violence against the Rohingya last October after alleged attacks by Rohingya insurgents against government posts. A report from the United Nation's Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights calls the crackdown "systematic" and "very likely" including crimes against humanity, branding the government's work as "ethnic cleansing." The political controversy: Aung San Suu Kyi, who was imprisoned for nearly two decades after calling for democracy and human rights under the country's oppressive military junta, has refused to speak out against the violence as Myanmar's de-facto leader. Five other women who have won the Nobel Peace Prize called on Suu Kyi to acknowledge the violence in an open letter -- though the Nobel Committee remains exceedingly unlikely to revoke her prize, per the NYT.