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Hybrid LLM and Higher-Order Quantum Approximate Optimization for CSA Collateral Management

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

We address finance-native collateral optimization under ISDA Credit Support Annexes (CSAs), where integer lots, Schedule A haircuts, RA/MTA gating, and issuer/currency/class caps create rugged, legally bounded search spaces. We introduce a certifiable hybrid pipeline purpose-built for this domain: (i) an evidence-gated LLM that extracts CSA terms to a normalized JSON (abstain-by-default, span-cited); (ii) a quantum-inspired explorer that interleaves simulated annealing with micro higher order QAOA (HO-QAOA) on binding sub-QUBOs (subset size n <= 16, order k <= 4) to coordinate multi-asset moves across caps and RA-induced discreteness; (iii) a weighted risk-aware objective (Movement, CVaR, funding-priced overshoot) with an explicit coverage window U <= Reff+B; and (iv) CP-SAT as single arbiter to certify feasibility and gaps, including a U-cap pre-check that reports the minimal feasible buffer B*. Encoding caps/rounding as higher-order terms lets HO-QAOA target the domain couplings that defeat local swaps. On government bond datasets and multi-CSA inputs, the hybrid improves a strong classical baseline (BL-3) by 9.1%, 9.6%, and 10.7% across representative harnesses, delivering better cost-movement-tail frontiers under governance settings. We release governance grade artifacts-span citations, valuation matrix audit, weight provenance, QUBO manifests, and CP-SAT traces-to make results auditable and reproducible.


I Just Discovered Something Very Troubling in an Unclosed Incognito Window on My Son's Computer. Oh no.

Slate

Care and Feeding is Slate's parenting advice column. Have a question for Care and Feeding? How should we guard against cheating with AI? Long explanation: My 13-year-old rising 8th grader had minimal summer homework to complete. The homework was reading with related writing and it was not difficult. One of the books he had to read was The Sea of Monsters by Rick Riordan.


The Law Professor Flying Surveillance Drones in Ukraine

The New Yorker

Vasyl Bilous's last name means "white mustache." His actual mustache is dark brown with a hint of gray. He's worn one since high school. In a picture that he took on the first day of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Vasyl has a chevron mustache, a neat barbershop cut--close on the sides, paintbrush-thick on top. At the time, he was an assistant professor of forensics at the National Law University, in Kharkiv, and a lawyer in private practice.


What if Your Teenage Digital Past Came Back to Haunt You?

Slate

Charlie met with his co-worker Keith over lunch to plan a professional development day they were supposed to lead over April break, but Charlie kept losing the thread of the discussion. He couldn't stop thinking about who or what was maintaining backups of his old website. Keith sat opposite him with his compartmentalized lunchbox of raw ingredients; Keith only ever described the actions he performed on food as "meal prep," perhaps because cooking involved a willingness to adapt and surprise oneself. Charlie stabbed mindlessly at his corner-store Cobb salad, and by the second time he asked Keith to repeat something he'd just said, Keith's expression sank into sharp suspicion. "Charlie, come on," Keith said, but somewhat to Charlie's relief, Keith wasn't reading Charlie's mind and judging his salacious past.


This AI Prevents Bad Hair Days

#artificialintelligence

I explain Artificial Intelligence terms and news to non-experts. Could this be the technological innovation that hairstylists have been dying for? I'm sure a majority of us have had a bad haircut or two. But hopefully, with this AI, you'll never have to guess what a new haircut will look like ever again. This AI can transfer a new hairstyle and/or color to a portrait to see how it would look like before committing to the change.


AI Fairness Isn't Just an Ethical Issue

#artificialintelligence

The authority that administers A-Level college entrance exams in the UK, Ofqual, recently found itself mired in scandal. Unable to hold live exams because of Covid-19, it designed and employed an algorithm that based scores partly on the historical performance of the schools students attended. The outcry was immediate, as students who were already disadvantaged found themselves further penalized by artificially deflated scores, their efforts disregarded and their futures thrown into disarray. This is far from an isolated incident. Even the world's most sophisticated technology companies have faced similar problems.


Japan firms fight the frugal retail psyche with AI-driven pricing and other tricks

The Japan Times

After years of soggy inflation and a long reign by Japan's tight-fisted shoppers, businesses are adopting new methods to lift prices, from artificial intelligence to simple packaging tweaks. Despite many rounds of stimulus, policymakers have failed to jolt households out of the deflationary mindset that followed the 1990s property crash, which meant businesses refused to raise prices for fear of losing customers. Demand-based dynamic pricing, however, has allowed some Japanese retailers to discretely bump up prices without triggering the kind of customer backlash seen in more blatant attempts at repricing in the past. The J. League soccer team Yokohama Marinos, for example, introduced artificial intelligence last year to more closely align ticket prices with demand. "Previously, it was difficult to find the best prices between demand and value of each match," said Hiroshi Nagai, the club's general manager for fan relations. "The most fascinating thing about dynamic pricing is that it can offer more choices to customers."


Google's Uncanny New Robot Could Book Your Next Haircut

#artificialintelligence

I was in a Brooklyn restaurant the other week and overheard a young man -- definitely a millennial like myself -- arguing with an older couple, most likely his parents, about a variety of topics: healthcare, the point of full-time employment, phones. He really hates using the phone, and to prove just how unnecessary it's become, he pointed to Google Duplex. Google Duplex is a new AI assistant that performs tasks over the phone like booking a haircut or making a restaurant reservation, and its unveiling at Google's developer event in May made for what the Verge called "perhaps the most jaw-dropping moment" of CEO Sundar Pichai's keynote speech (skip ahead to 35:00). In a replay of a real phone conversation with a restaurant employee, a shockingly human-sounding robot booked a reservation, negotiating misunderstandings over the date and number of people without missing a beat. Pichai said at the time that Google Duplex was years in the making, and today, a fully functional version of the technology is still a ways off.


Google Duplex really works and testing begins this summer

#artificialintelligence

In a restaurant in Mountain View, California yesterday, Google gave several small groups of journalists a chance to demo Duplex. If you don't recall, Duplex is the AI system designed to make human-sounding voice calls on your behalf so as to automate things like booking restaurant tables and hair appointments. In the demo, we saw what it would be like for a restaurant to receive a phone call -- and in fact each of us in turn took a call from Duplex as it tried to book a reservation. The briefings were in service of the news that Google is about to begin limited testing "in the coming weeks." If you're hoping that means you'll be able to try it yourself, sorry: Google is starting with "a set of trusted tester users," according to Nick Fox, VP of product and design for the Google Assistant.


Google Duplex and the canny rise: a UX pattern – UX Collective

#artificialintelligence

At Google's I/O developer conference in 2018, Alphabet's Google CEO Sundar Pichai demonstrated the amazing Duplex feature of the Google Assistant, still in development. It was all over the internet in short order, but in case you didn't see it: In the demo, he asks his Google Assistant to schedule a haircut for him, and "behind the scenes" (though we get to see it in action in this demo) the Assistant spins off an agent that calls the salon in a voice that is amazingly human-sounding. Give it a listen in the video below. Later in the demo he has the Assistant (with a male voice this time) contact a restaurant to make reservations. There's a lot to discuss in these scenarios, but for this pattern we're focusing on its human-sounding-ness.