Samsung Galaxy Unpacked 2026 is Feb. 25 A single collision could cause a cascading effect in orbit. Elon Musk's plan to launch millions of AI satellites could be disastrous for the planet. At the start of the month, Elon Musk announced that two of his companies -- SpaceX and xAI -- were merging, and would jointly launch a constellation of 1 million satellites to operate as orbital data centers. Musk's reputation might suggest otherwise, but according to experts, such a plan isn't a complete fantasy. However, if executed at the scale suggested, some of them believe it would have devastating effects on the environment and the sustainability of low Earth Earth orbit.

When a SpaceX rocket failure set the skies aflame over western Europe last February, no-one was sure if the debris was also polluting our atmosphere. Now scientists are directly linking the uncontrolled rocket re-entry to a plume of lithium measured less than 100km above Earth. It is the first time researchers have drawn a direct link between a known piece of space debris crashing to Earth and pollution levels. They warn that as SpaceX chief Elon Musk pledges to launch one million satellites in the coming years, this contamination could be the tip of the iceberg. The scientists were already investigating the problem of pollution from space debris when they realised a SpaceX Falcon 9 had failed in flight.

After a Falcon 9 rocket stage burned up in the atmosphere, vaporised lithium and other metals drifted over Europe. A SpaceX rocket that burned up after re-entering the atmosphere unleashed a plume of vaporised metals over Europe, a type of pollution that is expected to increase as spacecraft and satellites multiply. The upper stage of a Falcon 9, which is designed to splash down in the Pacific Ocean for possible re-use, lost control due to engine failure and fell from orbit over the north Atlantic in February 2025. We're finally solving the puzzle of how clouds will affect our climate People across Europe saw fiery debris streaking through the sky, some of which crashed behind a warehouse in Poland. Seeing the news, Robin Wing at the Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics in Germany and his colleagues turned on their lidar, an instrument for atmospheric sensing.

When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. All four of Aiper's new robotic pool cleaners are packing powerful AI Aiper's CES 2026 launches include three new underwater robots and one of the most powerful surface skimmers we've seen to date. Aiper, best known for its sleek and hard-working robotic pool cleaners, has brought four new devices to CES 2026. The Aiper Scuba V3 line includes three underwater scrubbers of increasing sophistication -- the Scuba V3, V3 Pro, and V3 Ultra. Meanwhile, the all-new Aiper EcoSurfer Senti is a new surface-only skimmer that adds some surprising new tricks in what has become a fairly sleepy category in the last year.

The highlight of the year, the Geminids are the most active and colorful meteor shower, offering the chance to see hundreds of shooting stars every hour when they peak in mid-December. If you want to get into stargazing in 2025, there's still a chance to catch some of the best meteor showers of the year. Also known as shooting stars, meteors happen when Earth's orbital path crosses a path of debris left by a comet and that material burns up in the Earth's atmosphere. Watching a meteor shower is one of the most accessible ways to engage with the night sky. The next shower are the Geminids, a busy and bright shower that peaks in mid-December, offering the chance to see hundreds of shooting stars each hour.

ABSTRACT We develop a Markov decision process (MDP) framework to autonomously make guidance decisions for satellite collision avoidance maneuver (CAM) and a reinforcement learning policy gradient (RL-PG) algorithm to enable direct optimization of guidance policy using historic CAM data. In addition to maintaining acceptable collision risks, this approach seeks to minimize the average propellant consumption of CAMs by making early maneuver decisions. We model CAM as a continuous state, discrete action and finite horizon MDP, where the critical decision is determining when to initiate the maneuver. By deciding to maneuver earlier than conventional methods, the Markov policy effectively favors CAMs that achieve comparable rates of collision risk reduction while consuming less propellant. Using historical data of tracked conjunction events, we verify this framework and conduct an extensive parameter-sensitivity study. When evaluated on synthetic conjunction events, the trained policy consumes significantly less propellant overall and per maneuver in comparison to a conventional cut-off policy that initiates maneuvers 24 hours before the time of closest approach (TCA). On historical conjunction events, the trained policy consumes more propellant overall but consumes less propellant per maneuver. For both historical and synthetic conjunction events, the trained policy is slightly more conservative in identifying conjunctions events that warrant CAMs in comparison to cutoff policies.

In this work, we propose a simulator, based on the open-source physics engine MuJoCo, for the design and control of soft robotic nets for the autonomous removal of space debris. The proposed simulator includes net dynamics, contact between the net and the debris, self-contact of the net, orbital mechanics, and a controller that can actuate thrusters on the four satellites at the corners of the net. It showcases the case of capturing Envisat, a large ESA satellite that remains in orbit as space debris following the end of its mission. This work investigates different mechanical models, which can be used to simulate the net dynamics, simulating various degrees of compliance, and different control strategies to achieve the capture of the debris, depending on the relative position of the net and the target. Unlike previous works on this topic, we do not assume that the net has been previously ballistically thrown toward the target, and we start from a relatively static configuration. The results show that a more compliant net achieves higher performance when attempting the capture of Envisat. Moreover, when paired with a sliding mode controller, soft nets are able to achieve successful capture in 100% of the tested cases, whilst also showcasing a higher effective area at contact and a higher number of contact points between net and Envisat.

The space data-center wars are coming--and they're going to be ugly. Earlier this month, Google researchers released a paper about "Project Suncatcher," the company's research "moonshot" to build data centers in space. The paper's authors don't mince words when it comes to the challenges the tech giant is facing from A.I.'s energy demands, and their planned solution is to launch "fleets of satellites" into space and harvest energy from the sun. Google's space-based data centers won't be gigantic monolithic buildings like the data centers we have on Earth, but a "constellation of solar-powered satellites" carrying tensor processing units (the processors used to power Google's A.I. systems). The paper boasts that the company's data center fleet "will be significantly larger than any previous or current satellite constellations" in orbit.

What is the chance your plane will be hit by space debris? Explains: Let our writers untangle the complex, messy world of technology to help you understand what's coming next. In mid-October, a mysterious object cracked the windshield of a packed Boeing 737 cruising at 36,000 feet above Utah, forcing the pilots into an emergency landing. The internet was suddenly buzzing with the prospect that the plane had been hit by a piece of space debris. We still don't know exactly what hit the plane--likely a remnant of a weather balloon--but it turns out the speculation online wasn't that far-fetched. That's because while the risk of flights being hit by space junk is still small, it is, in fact, growing.

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