This is the essence of a planning problem, and one instance of planning problems of particular import is wargaming, which is a simulated military exercise to test strategies and operational plans in a controlled environment. Within the context of planning problems, it is easy to envision a variety of applications for AI, ranging from decision support systems (DSS), intelligent opponents, scenario generation, and so on. This work will focus primarily on agents usable for the first two applications: DSS and intelligent opponents. As a result, we seek not only agents that can select a good quality action, but also agents that can analyze multi-player interactions, adapt rapidly to changing conditions, and provide interpretable insights. The U.S. Department of Defense introduced Battlespace [5] as a platform for wargaming [6].

General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (GA-ASI) has unveiled its newest unmanned aerial system called Gambit, the jet-powered platform intended to demonstrate so-called loyal wingman capabilities for the U.S. Air Force (USAF). The device's name refers to the chess world where Gambit is a chess opening move in which a player risks losing a minor piece to obtain a significant advantage in position. General Atomics describes Gambit as "an Autonomous Collaborative Platform (ACP) designed through digital engineering to speed its time to market and lower acquisition cost." The platform is being built for air dominance and will heavily leverage advances in artificial intelligence and autonomous systems. Working together with other human-piloted aircraft, Gambit will enable pilots to see deeper into hostile airspace, detect threats first, and provide time and space for critical decisions and actions.

AI technology is suddenly important to military forces. Not yet an arms race, today's competition is more an experimentation race with a plethora of AI systems being tested and research centres established. The country that first understands AI adequately enough to change its existing human-centred force structures and embrace AI warfighting may gain a considerable advantage. In a new paper for the Australian government, I explore sea, land and air operational concepts appropriate to fighting near-to-medium term future AI-enabled wars. This temporal proximity makes this less of a speculative exercise than might be assumed.

This video and article is brought to you by L3Harris. What benefit does machine learning give us in the battlespace? How can we use it ethically to make the right decisions? Is the human in the loop or on the loop? In forthcoming conflicts, it may not be possible to rely on well-defined chains-of-command.

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into weapon systems is one of the most consequential tactical and strategic decisions in the history of warfare. Current AI development is a remarkable combination of accelerating capability, hidden decision mechanisms, and decreasing costs. Implementation of these systems is in its infancy and exists on a spectrum from resilient and flexible to simplistic and brittle. Resilient systems should be able to effectively handle the complexities of a high-dimensional battlespace. Simplistic AI implementations could be manipulated by an adversarial AI that identifies and exploits their weaknesses. In this paper, we present a framework for understanding the development of dynamic AI/ML systems that interactively and continuously adapt to their user's needs. We explore the implications of increasingly capable AI in the kill chain and how this will lead inevitably to a fully automated, always on system, barring regulation by treaty. We examine the potential of total integration of cyber and physical security and how this likelihood must inform the development of AI-enabled systems with respect to the "fog of war", human morals, and ethics.

Now completing its first year, the High-Performance Knowledge Bases Project promotes technology for developing very large, flexible, and reusable knowledge bases. The project is supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and includes more than 15 contractors in universities, research laboratories, and companies. Programs lack knowledge about the world sufficient to understand and adjust to new situations as people do. Consequently, programs have been poor at interpreting and reasoning about novel and changing events, such as international crises and battlefield situations. These problems are more open ended than chess.

Remember those speeder bikes in Star Wars that raced through the air? Soldiers and Marines may get to zoom around the battlespace on a type of real-life version in the not-so-distant future. The new vehicle (which flies using rotors) has been dubbed the Joint Tactical Aerial Resupply Vehicle, or JTARV. Malloy Aeronautics and SURVICE Engineering Company teamed up to further develop Malloy's Hoverbike for the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. The U.S. military believes it could possibly carry teams rapidly and nimbly throughout the battlespace, and a robotic version could even be used to deliver supplies by itself.