Prada, Rui
Building Persuasive Robots with Social Power Strategies
Hashemian, Mojgan, Couto, Marta, Mascarenhas, Samuel, Paiva, Ana, Santos, Pedro A., Prada, Rui
Can social power endow social robots with the capacity to persuade? This paper represents our recent endeavor to design persuasive social robots. We have designed and run three different user studies to investigate the effectiveness of different bases of social power (inspired by French and Raven's theory) on peoples' compliance to the requests of social robots. The results show that robotic persuaders that exert social power (specifically from expert, reward, and coercion bases) demonstrate increased ability to influence humans. The first study provides a positive answer and shows that under the same circumstances, people with different personalities prefer robots using a specific social power base. In addition, social rewards can be useful in persuading individuals. The second study suggests that by employing social power, social robots are capable of persuading people objectively to select a less desirable choice among others. Finally, the third study shows that the effect of power on persuasion does not decay over time and might strengthen under specific circumstances. Moreover, exerting stronger social power does not necessarily lead to higher persuasion. Overall, we argue that the results of these studies are relevant for designing human--robot-interaction scenarios especially the ones aiming at behavioral change.
Agents for Automated User Experience Testing
Fernandes, Pedro M., Lopes, Manuel, Prada, Rui
The automation of functional testing in software has allowed developers to continuously check for negative impacts on functionality throughout the iterative phases of development. This is not the case for User eXperience (UX), which has hitherto relied almost exclusively on testing with real users. User testing is a slow endeavour that can become a bottleneck for development of interactive systems. To address this problem, we here propose an agent based approach for automatic UX testing. We develop agents with basic problem solving skills and a core affect model, allowing us to model an artificial affective state as they traverse different levels of a game. Although this research is still at a primordial state, we believe the results here presented make a strong case for the use of intelligent agents endowed with affective computing models for automating UX testing.
A Game AI Competition to foster Collaborative AI research and development
Salta, Ana, Prada, Rui, Melo, Francisco S.
Game AI competitions are important to foster research and development on Game AI and AI in general. These competitions supply different challenging problems that can be translated into other contexts, virtual or real. They provide frameworks and tools to facilitate the research on their core topics and provide means for comparing and sharing results. A competition is also a way to motivate new researchers to study these challenges. In this document, we present the Geometry Friends Game AI Competition. Geometry Friends is a two-player cooperative physics-based puzzle platformer computer game. The concept of the game is simple, though its solving has proven to be difficult. While the main and apparent focus of the game is cooperation, it also relies on other AI-related problems such as planning, plan execution, and motion control, all connected to situational awareness. All of these must be solved in real-time. In this paper, we discuss the competition and the challenges it brings, and present an overview of the current solutions.
Accurate Household Occupant Behavior Modeling Based on Data Mining Techniques
Baptista, Mรกrcia L. (Universidade de Lisboa) | Fang, Anjie (National Institute of Informatics / University of Bristol) | Prendinger, Helmut (National Institute of Informatics) | Prada, Rui (Universidade de Lisboa) | Yamaguchi, Yohei (Osaka University)
An important requirement of household energy simulation models is their accuracy in estimating energy demand and its fluctuations. Occupant behavior has a major impact upon energy demand. However, Markov chains, the traditional approach to model occupant behavior, (1) has limitations in accurately capturing the coordinated behavior of occupants and (2) is prone to over-fitting. To address these issues, we propose a novel approach that relies on a combination of data mining techniques. The core idea of our model is to determine the behavior of occupants based on nearest neighbor comparison over a database of sample data. Importantly, the model takes into account features related to the coordination of occupants' activities. We use a customized distance function suited for mixed categorical and numerical data. Further, association rule learning allows us to capture the coordination between occupants. Using real data from four households in Japan we are able to show that our model outperforms the traditional Markov chain model with respect to occupant coordination and generalization of behavior patterns.
Artificial Intelligence and Personalization Opportunities for Serious Games
Brisson, Antรณnio (INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Tรฉcnico) | Pereira, Gonรงalo (INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Tรฉcnico) | Prada, Rui (INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Tรฉcnico) | Paiva, Ana (INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Tรฉcnico) | Louchart, Sandy (Harriot-Watt University) | Suttie, Neil (Harriot-Watt University) | Lim, Theo (Harriot-Watt University) | Lopes, Ricardo Abreu (T U Delft) | Bidarra, Rafael (Politecnico di Milano) | Bellotti, Francesco (RWTH-Aachen) | Kravcik, Milos (Syntef) | Oliveira, Manuel Fradinho
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Personalization are both essential - How do we relate content (the factual knowledge aspects of all games, be they serious or entertainment contained, game mechanics) and context (experiences based. In this research the role of AI and Personalization is and activities) to pedagogical goals towards supporting however focused upon the context of Serious Games (SG) in pedagogically-driven design and development of SGs? particular. A concerted research direction is necessary in this From these two high-level questions we derived a more area so as to establish future benchmarks and metrics for the pragmatic approach to AI and Personalization based on: In effective use of AI and Personalization in serious games design what ways can personalization improve learning and adapt and will benefit relevant research communities in providing best to learner requirements?
AI for Massive Multiplayer Online Strategy Games
Barata, Alexandre Miguel (Instituto Superior Tecnico, Technical University of Lisbon) | Santos, Pedro Alexandre (Instituto Superior Tecnico, Technical University of Lisbon) | Prada, Rui (Instituto Superior Tecnico, Technical University of Lisbon)
Massive Multiplayer Online Strategy games present several unique challenges to players and designers. There is the need to constantly adapt to changes in the game itself and the need to achieve a certain level of simulation and realism, which typically implies battles involving combat with several distinct armies, combat phases and diferent terrains; resource management which involves buying and selling goods and combining lots of diferent kinds of resources to fund the player's nation and cutthroat diplomacy which dictates the pace of the game. However, these constant changes and simulation mechanisms make a game harder to play, increasing the amount of effort required to play it properly. As some of these games take months to be played, players who become inactive have a negative impact on the game. This work pretends to demonstrate how to create versatile agents for playing Massive Multiplayer Online Turn Based Strategy Games, while keeping close attention to their playing performance. In a test to measure this performance the results showed similar survival performance between humans and AIs.