Machine Learning Basics -- Part 1 -- Concept of Regression

In this article I revisit the learned material from the amazing machine learning course by Andre Ng on coursera and create an overview about the concepts. All quotes refer to the material from the course if not explicitly stated otherwise. Linear regression tries to fit points to a line generated by an algorithm. This optimized line (the model) is capable of predicting values for certain input values and can be plotted. We want to set the parameters in order to achieve a minimal difference between the predicted and the real values.