Artificial Intelligence: approaches to AI to solve complex problems even without data

The term Artificial Intelligence (AI) has recently become a hot topic, however, there are currently some misunderstandings about this term, for instance, it has been used as a synonym for Machine Learning (ML), however, ML is only a part of the whole AI. There are two main reasons to explain this, the first one is the fact that ML is the best known of all techniques, and the second one is because of the similarities between learning and "intelligent behaviour". Machine Learning is the ability to train a computer system to perform a task by giving as input either data or, alternatively, an equivalent source of information that allows it to automatically associate, segment and/or classify said data. In other words, the computer can learn something in a certain way and therefore, act with "intelligence". Moreover, ML is not a synonym for AI, because AI does not only focus on learning, AI has more factors to be able to operate autonomously in new and uncertain environments and adapt to them accordingly.