AI in sixty seconds

The phrase artificial intelligence doesn't have any fixed meaning, for it was coined by Dartmouth professor John McCarthy in 1955 as a placeholder in a grant application. The best summary so far is by MIT's Marvin Minsky, a colleague of McCarthy's, who said the term stands for whatever is at the cutting edge of computer science. Commercial entities, such as software makers, will often use the term to mean whatever they want, simply to sound impressive by gaining the imprimatur of having "AI." Deep learning is a subset of a wider field of AI software called machine learning. Some believe AI has to have an element of learning because all intelligent entities exhibit an ability to learn.