Can Artificial Intelligence predict the weather?

Vast amounts of Earth System observations are available from satellites, ground-based weather stations, ships, planes and weather balloons. Recent advances in super-computing and machine learning, one form of artificial intelligence (AI), now make it possible for computer systems, "trained" from such data, to extract yet undiscovered information about the Earth System. Machine learning tools can not only learn the dynamics of complex features of the Earth System, features that are too complex for humans to understand, they are also able to use supercomputers more efficiently when compared to conventional tools. Currently, operational weather forecasts are derived from physically-based numerical models. The complexity of the Earth's weather means that simplifications must be made and skill in predicting weather drops off rapidly after just a few days.