Decoding insomnia: Machine learning model predicts sleep disorders from patient records

A machine learning model can effectively predict a patient's risk for a sleep disorder using demographic and lifestyle data, physical exam results and laboratory values, according to a new study published this week in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Samuel Y. Huang of Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, and Alexander A. Huang of Northwestern Feinberg University School of Medicine, U.S. The prevalence of diagnosed sleep disorders among American patients has significantly increased over the past decade. This trend is important to better understand and reverse since sleep disorders are a significant risk factor for diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and depression. In the new work, the researchers used the machine learning model XGBoost to analyze publicly available data on 7,929 patients in the U.S. who completed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The data contained 684 variables for each patient, including demographic, dietary, exercise and mental health questionnaire responses, as well as laboratory and physical exam information. Overall, 2,302 patients in the study had a physician diagnosis of a sleep disorder.