What happens when AI runs out of pictures?

What happens when AI runs out of pictures? A hospital may only ever collect a few dozen scans of a rare condition - for example, an unusual tumour. The radiology department wants software to flag this on a scan - not to replace the specialist, but so a hospital without one still gets their scan checked the same way. The clinicians know what they're looking for. Over a decade, the hospital might gather 40 confirmed cases.