[D] Does there exist a "purely qualitative" situation?

Kind of a weird question, but this arose from my curiosity regarding the use of machine learning to answer "purely qualitative" questions. From my limited prior knowledge of machine learning, most every algorithm/strategy that I have read uses some sort combination of numerical parameters or categorical parameters to break a problem down into inputs/outputs. Solutions are also evaluated in terms of these parameters or with a right/wrong(thinking picture identification). For instance, how could inputs be selected when trying to decide on what meal to eat given a choice between 3? Or where to go on vacation next? How would solutions be evaluated and compared?