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When Lorenz and Leech met her second supervisor, neuroscientist Aldo Faisal, in January, they needed to discuss how best to proceed. It's trivial for humans to figure out the combinations of sight and sounds needed to activate the auditory cortex and not the visual cortex, and vice versa - the latter can be done by pairing a blank screen with the vocal acrobatics of an opera singer, the latter by pairing video of the hurly burly of Tokyo's Shibuya crossing with the drone of a test tone. In March 2015, with the help of a statistician from King's College London, Giovanni Montana, and aided by his PhD student Ricardo Pio Monti, Lorenz and Leech created an AI algorithm based on Bayesian Optimisation, a method named after the 18th-century Presbyterian minister Thomas Bayes. When Lorenz first suggested using artificial intelligence to study the human brain, Leech was immediately struck by its implications for dealing with this looming crisis.