Question about Machine Learning • /r/artificial

I don't know much about machine learning so I'm hoping someone can explain this to me. I've watched through a few online course videos and everything using basic linear algebra is pretty clear when used in the context of AI and machine learning. But when it gets into the deep stuff is where I sort of get lost. Now my assumption is that my confusion comes from not fully understanding the math behind the STOAT research being done. But from my limited knowledge, I must say it looks to me like, far from actually doing anything meaningful, the neural networks are just memorizing?