Machine Learning Classification: A Dataset-based Pictorial

The concept of classification in machine learning is concerned with building a model that separates data into distinct classes. This model is built by inputting a set of training data for which the classes are pre-labeled in order for the algorithm to learn from. The model is then used by inputting a different dataset for which the classes are withheld, allowing the model to predict their class membership based on what it has learned from the training set. Well-known classification schemes include decision trees and Support Vector Machines, among a whole host of others. As this type of algorithm requires explicit class labeling, classification is a form of supervised learning.