[D] Non-automated machine learning?

You can calculate every machine lewrning algorithm also by hand at a very small scale. For example an ANN with one single hidden layer that has to learn the "XOR" function. An other example is the support vector machine for which you can crate nice visualizations of the inital idea. At a large scale everything becomes quite infeasible to do by hand, but we dont have to since we have computers. If you understand small examples like mentioned above, you got the idea, no meed to do it by hand at a large scale.