The Age of Artificial Intelligence (Part 2): Machine Learning - OpenMind

In my last submission, "The Emergence of the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI):Part 1", I looked at examples of symbol manipulating programs in AI. Such programs operate by using explicitly stored symbols that are logically manipulated during the program execution. ANN's follow something known as Hebb's Rule which says that every time every time a correct decision is made, the neural pathways are reinforced / Image: pixabay Another class of AI software, called Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), do not use explicit knowledge stored as rules of operation. Instead ANNs use implicit knowledge that is encoded in numeric parameters – called weights – and distributed over many connections. Unlike symbolic AI, ANNs have "black box" characteristics because they cannot explicate their reasoning in the same way that symbolic AI programs do.