We study the problem of Online Convex Optimization (OCO) with memory, which allows loss functions to depend on past decisions and thus captures temporal effects of learning problems. In this paper, we introduce dynamic policy regret as the performance measure to design algorithms robust to non-stationary environments, which competes algorithms' decisions with a sequence of changing comparators. We propose a novel algorithm for OCO with memory that provably enjoys an optimal dynamic policy regret. The key technical challenge is how to control the switching cost, the cumulative movements of player's decisions, which is neatly addressed by a novel decomposition of dynamic policy regret and an appropriate meta-expert structure. Furthermore, we generalize the results to the problem of online non-stochastic control, i.e., controlling a linear dynamical system with adversarial disturbance and convex loss functions. We derive a novel gradient-based controller with dynamic policy regret guarantees, which is the first controller competitive to a sequence of changing policies.

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We introduce the technique of generic chaining and majorizing measures for controlling sequential Rademacher complexity. We relate majorizing measures to the notion of fractional covering numbers, which we show to be dominated in terms of sequential scale-sensitive dimensions in a horizon-independent way, and, under additional complexity assumptions establish a tight control on worst-case sequential Rademacher complexity in terms of the integral of sequential scale-sensitive dimension. Finally, we establish a tight contraction inequality for worst-case sequential Rademacher complexity. The above constitutes the resolution of a number of outstanding open problems in extending the classical theory of empirical processes to the sequential case, and, in turn, establishes sharp results for online learning.

Which classes can be learned properly in the online model? -- that is, by an algorithm that at each round uses a predictor from the concept class. While there are simple and natural cases where improper learning is necessary, it is natural to ask how complex must the improper predictors be in such cases. Can one always achieve nearly optimal mistake/regret bounds using "simple" predictors? In this work, we give a complete characterization of when this is possible, thus settling an open problem which has been studied since the pioneering works of Angluin (1987) and Littlestone (1988). More precisely, given any concept class C and any hypothesis class H, we provide nearly tight bounds (up to a log factor) on the optimal mistake bounds for online learning C using predictors from H. Our bound yields an exponential improvement over the previously best known bound by Chase and Freitag (2020). As applications, we give constructive proofs showing that (i) in the realizable setting, a near-optimal mistake bound (up to a constant factor) can be attained by a sparse majority-vote of proper predictors, and (ii) in the agnostic setting, a near-optimal regret bound (up to a log factor) can be attained by a randomized proper algorithm. A technical ingredient of our proof which may be of independent interest is a generalization of the celebrated Minimax Theorem (von Neumann, 1928) for binary zero-sum games. A simple game which fails to satisfy Minimax is "Guess the Larger Number", where each player picks a number and the larger number wins. The payoff matrix is infinite triangular. We show this is the only obstruction: if a game does not contain triangular submatrices of unbounded sizes then the Minimax Theorem holds. This generalizes von Neumann's Minimax Theorem by removing requirements of finiteness (or compactness), and captures precisely the games of interest in online learning.

Then this course is for you!! This course has been practically and carefully designed by industry experts to offer the best way of learning Data Science and Machine Learning the practical way with hands-on projects throughout the course. This course will help you learn complex Data Science concepts and machine learning algorithms the practical way for easier understanding. We will walk you through step-by-step on each topic explaining each line of code for your understanding. There is going to be a lot of fun, excited, and robust projects to better understand each concept under each topic.

Students should have strong coding skills and some familiarity with equity markets. No finance or machine learning experience is assumed. Note that this course serves students focusing on computer science, as well as students in other majors such as industrial systems engineering, management, or math who have different experiences. All types of students are welcome! The ML topics might be "review" for CS students, while finance parts will be review for finance students.

The objective of personalized learning is to design an effective knowledge acquisition track that matches the learner's strengths and bypasses her weaknesses to ultimately meet her desired goal. This concept emerged several years ago and is being adopted by a rapidly-growing number of educational institutions around the globe. In recent years, the boost of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), together with the advances in big data analysis, has unfolded novel perspectives to enhance personalized education in numerous dimensions. By taking advantage of AI/ML methods, the educational platform precisely acquires the student's characteristics. This is done, in part, by observing the past experiences as well as analyzing the available big data through exploring the learners' features and similarities. It can, for example, recommend the most appropriate content among numerous accessible ones, advise a well-designed long-term curriculum, connect appropriate learners by suggestion, accurate performance evaluation, and the like. Still, several aspects of AI-based personalized education remain unexplored. These include, among others, compensating for the adverse effects of the absence of peers, creating and maintaining motivations for learning, increasing diversity, removing the biases induced by the data and algorithms, and the like. In this paper, while providing a brief review of state-of-the-art research, we investigate the challenges of AI/ML-based personalized education and discuss potential solutions.

Hey, My name is Nilay Mehta! I am an experienced .Net developer, having the Microsoft certificate of Programming with C#.Net. I have a Master of Computer Applications and Bachelor of Computer Application degrees. I've worked with a range of development tools from PHP, C#, ASP.NET, and ASP.Net core. I am a passionate software engineer who loves learning new technologies, and from the past 3 years, I'm enjoying sharing that knowledge through blogs and courses.

Billions of users create a large amount of data every day, which in a sense comes from various types of sources. This data is in most cases unorganized and unclassified and is presented in various formats such as text, video, audio, or images. Processing and analyzing this data is a major challenge that we face every day. The problem of unstructured and unorganized text dates back to ancient times, but Text Classification as a discipline first appeared in the early 60s, where 30 years later the interest in various spheres for it increased [1], and began to be applied in various types of domains and applications such as for movie review [2], document classification [3], ecommerce [4], social media [5], online courses [6, 7], etc. As interest has grown more in the upcoming years, the uses start solving the problems with higher accurate results in more flexible ways. Knowledge Engineering (KE) was one of the applications of text classification in the late 80s, where the process took place by manually defining rules based on expert knowledge in terms of categorization of the document for a particular category [1]. After this time, there was a great wave of use of various modern and advanced methods for text classification, which all improved this discipline and made it more interesting for scientists and researchers, more specifically the use of machine learning techniques. These techniques bring a lot of advantages, as they are now in very large numbers, where they provide solutions to almost every problem we may encounter. The need for education and learning dates back to ancient times, where people are constantly improving and trying to gain as much knowledge as possible.

This paper describes a system developed to help University students get more from their online lectures, tutorials, laboratory and other live sessions. We do this by logging their attention levels on their laptops during live Zoom sessions and providing them with personalised video summaries of those live sessions. Using facial attention analysis software we create personalised video summaries composed of just the parts where a student's attention was below some threshold. We can also factor in other criteria into video summary generation such as parts where the student was not paying attention while others in the class were, and parts of the video that other students have replayed extensively which a given student has not. Attention and usage based video summaries of live classes are a form of personalised content, they are educational video segments recommended to highlight important parts of live sessions, useful in both topic understanding and in exam preparation. The system also allows a Professor to review the aggregated attention levels of those in a class who attended a live session and logged their attention levels. This allows her to see which parts of the live activity students were paying most, and least, attention to. The Help-Me-Watch system is deployed and in use at our University in a way that protects student's personal data, operating in a GDPR-compliant way.