Statistical Learning
Attention Sequence to Sequence Model for Machine Remaining Useful Life Prediction
Ragab, Mohamed, Chen, Zhenghua, Wu, Min, Kwoh, Chee-Keong, Yan, Ruqiang, Li, Xiaoli
Accurate estimation of remaining useful life (RUL) of industrial equipment can enable advanced maintenance schedules, increase equipment availability and reduce operational costs. However, existing deep learning methods for RUL prediction are not completely successful due to the following two reasons. First, relying on a single objective function to estimate the RUL will limit the learned representations and thus affect the prediction accuracy. Second, while longer sequences are more informative for modelling the sensor dynamics of equipment, existing methods are less effective to deal with very long sequences, as they mainly focus on the latest information. To address these two problems, we develop a novel attention-based sequence to sequence with auxiliary task (ATS2S) model. In particular, our model jointly optimizes both reconstruction loss to empower our model with predictive capabilities (by predicting next input sequence given current input sequence) and RUL prediction loss to minimize the difference between the predicted RUL and actual RUL. Furthermore, to better handle longer sequence, we employ the attention mechanism to focus on all the important input information during training process. Finally, we propose a new dual-latent feature representation to integrate the encoder features and decoder hidden states, to capture rich semantic information in data. We conduct extensive experiments on four real datasets to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method. Experimental results show that our proposed method can achieve superior performance over 13 state-of-the-art methods consistently.
Deep Neural-Kernel Machines
In this chapter we review the main literature related to the recent advancement of deep neural-kernel architecture, an approach that seek the synergy between two powerful class of models, i.e. kernel-based models and artificial neural networks. The introduced deep neural-kernel framework is composed of a hybridization of the neural networks architecture and a kernel machine. More precisely, for the kernel counterpart the model is based on Least Squares Support Vector Machines with explicit feature mapping. Here we discuss the use of one form of an explicit feature map obtained by random Fourier features. Thanks to this explicit feature map, in one hand bridging the two architectures has become more straightforward and on the other hand one can find the solution of the associated optimization problem in the primal, therefore making the model scalable to large scale datasets. We begin by introducing a neural-kernel architecture that serves as the core module for deeper models equipped with different pooling layers. In particular, we review three neural-kernel machines with average, maxout and convolutional pooling layers. In average pooling layer the outputs of the previous representation layers are averaged. The maxout layer triggers competition among different input representations and allows the formation of multiple sub-networks within the same model. The convolutional pooling layer reduces the dimensionality of the multi-scale output representations. Comparison with neural-kernel model, kernel based models and the classical neural networks architecture have been made and the numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the introduced models on several benchmark datasets.
SQuARM-SGD: Communication-Efficient Momentum SGD for Decentralized Optimization
Singh, Navjot, Data, Deepesh, George, Jemin, Diggavi, Suhas
In this paper, we study communication-efficient decentralized training of large-scale machine learning models over a network. We propose and analyze SQuARM-SGD, a decentralized training algorithm, employing momentum and compressed communication between nodes regulated by a locally computable triggering rule. In SQuARM-SGD, each node performs a fixed number of local SGD (stochastic gradient descent) steps using Nesterov's momentum and then sends sparisified and quantized updates to its neighbors only when there is a significant change in its model parameters since the last time communication occurred. We provide convergence guarantees of our algorithm for strongly-convex and non-convex smooth objectives. We believe that ours is the first theoretical analysis for compressed decentralized SGD with momentum updates. We show that SQuARM-SGD converges at rate $\mathcal{O}\left(\frac{1}{nT}\right)$ for strongly-convex objectives, while for non-convex objectives it converges at rate $\mathcal{O}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{nT}}\right)$, thus matching the convergence rate of \emph{vanilla} distributed SGD in both these settings. We corroborate our theoretical understanding with experiments and compare the performance of our algorithm with the state-of-the-art, showing that without sacrificing much on the accuracy, SQuARM-SGD converges at a similar rate while saving significantly in total communicated bits.
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To provide awareness of the two most integral branches (i.e. To build appropriate neural models from using state-of-the-art python framework. To build neural models from scratch, following step-by-step instructions. To build end โ to โ end solutions to resolve real-world problems by using appropriate Machine Learning techniques from a pool of techniques available. To use ML evaluation methodologies to compare and contrast supervised and unsupervised ML algorithms using an established machine learning framework.
Machine Learning A-Z : Hands-On Python & R In Data Science
Udemy Coupon - Machine Learning A-Z: Hands-On Python & R In Data Science, Learn to create Machine Learning Algorithms in Python and R from two Data Science experts. Then this course is for you! This course has been designed by two professional Data Scientists so that we can share our knowledge and help you learn complex theory, algorithms and coding libraries in a simple way. We will walk you step-by-step into the World of Machine Learning. With every tutorial you will develop new skills and improve your understanding of this challenging yet lucrative sub-field of Data Science.
Data Science from Scratch - Programmer Books
Data science libraries, frameworks, modules, and toolkits are great for doing data science, but they're also a good way to dive into the discipline without actually understanding data science. In this book, you'll learn how many of the most fundamental data science tools and algorithms work by implementing them from scratch. If you have an aptitude for mathematics and some programming skills, author Joel Grus will help you get comfortable with the math and statistics at the core of data science, and with hacking skills you need to get started as a data scientist. Today's messy glut of data holds answers to questions no one's even thought to ask. This book provides you with the know-how to dig those answers out.
Deep Learning Foundation : Linear Regression and Statistics
Deep Learning Foundation: Linear Regression and Statistics Udemy NED Is statistics the foundation on top of which machine learning is built? Is machine ... "Traditional" linear regression may be considered by some Machine Learning ... Highest Rated What you'll learn Linear regression statistics basics Assumptions of linear regression hypothesis testing sampling Program your own version of a linear regression model in Python Derive and solve a linear regression model, and apply it appropriately to data science problemsRequirements Jupyter notebook and simple python programmingDescription Hi Everyone welcome to new course which is created to sharpen your linear regression and statistical basics. In this course I have explained hypothesis testing, Unbiased estimators, Statistical test, Gradient descent. End of the course you will be able to code your own regression algorithm from scratch.Who this course is for: Python developers curious about data science data science and machine leaning engineers Hi Everyone welcome to new course which is created to sharpen your linear regression and statistical basics. In this course I have explained hypothesis testing, Unbiased estimators, Statistical test, Gradient descent.
Assumptions in Linear Regression you might not know.
At first, Linear Regression is a method of modelling the best linear relationship between the independent variables and dependent variables. Linear regression is a linear approach to modelling the relationship between a scalar response (or dependent variable) and one or more explanatory variables (or independent variables). The predictor variables are seen as fixed values and can be any complex function like polynomial, trigonometric, etc. But the coefficients will be strictly linear with the predictor variable. This assumption is used for implementing the Polynomial regression, which uses linear regression to fit the response variable as an arbitrary polynomial function of a predictor variable which also makes the linear relationship with the coefficients.
Gradient Descent, the Learning Rate, and the importance of Feature Scaling
The content of this post is a partial reproduction of a chapter from the book: "Deep Learning with PyTorch Step-by-Step: A Beginner's Guide". What do gradient descent, the learning rate, and feature scaling have in common? Every time we train a deep learning model, or any neural network for that matter, we're using gradient descent (with backpropagation). We use it to minimize a loss by updating the parameters/weights of the model. The parameter update depends on two values: a gradient and a learning rate. The learning rate gives you control of how big (or small) the updates are going to be. A bigger learning rate means bigger updates and, hopefully, a model that learns faster.
Every Machine Learning Algorithm Can Be Represented as a Neural Network
It seems that all of the work in machine learning -- starting from early research in the 1950s -- cumulated with the creation of the neural network. Successively, algorithm after new algorithm were proposed, from logistic regression to support vector machines, but the neural network is, very literally, the algorithm of algorithms and the pinnacle of machine learning. It's a universal generalization of what machine learning is, instead of one attempt of doing it. In this sense, it is more of a framework and a concept than simply an algorithm, and this is evident given the massive amount of freedom in constructing neural networks -- hidden layer & node counts, activation functions, optimizers, loss functions, network types (convolutional, recurrent, etc.), and specialized layers (batch norm, dropout, etc.), to name a few. From this perspective of neural networks being a concept rather than a rigid algorithm comes a very interesting corollary: any machine learning algorithm, be it decision trees or k-nearest neighbors, can be represented using a neural network.