"Reinforcement learning is learning what to do – how to map situations to actions – so as to maximize a numerical reward signal. The learner is not told which actions to take, as in most forms of machine learning, but instead must discover which actions yield the most reward by trying them." – Sutton, Richard S. and Andrew G. Barto. Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. (1.1). MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1998.
Classical bilevel optimization is referred to as the case where there is no consensus constraint but with only two levels of the minimization subproblems, i.e.,
This paper is about the problem of learning a stochastic policy for generating an object (like a molecular graph) from a sequence of actions, such that the probability of generating an object is proportional to a given positive reward for that object.