Return ˆ α We show the following generalization of Proposition 2.1. Moreover, Alg. 4 has sample complexity The sample complexity is clear so we focus on the first statement. Theorem 4.5 in [MU17]) on these events as i varies and noting that Hence recalling (A.2) above, we conclude that The other direction is similar. Using (A.2) in the same way as above, we find First we analyze the expected sample complexity. Finally Alg. 4 has sample complexity We do this using Bayes' rule.

Machine learning models often fail on out-of-distribution data.

A fundamental problem in many sciences is the learning of causal structure underlying a system, typically through observation and experimentation. Commonly, one even collects data across multiple domains, such as gene sequencing from different labs, or neural recordings from different species.

Figure 1: Comparison of network architectures (left) and flow trajectories (right). Discrete flows (NPE, top) require a specialized architecture for the density estimator. Continuous flows (FMPE, bottom) are based on a vector field parametrized with an unconstrained architecture.